diff --git a/examples/flask/app.py b/examples/flask/app.py
index 3e3d4d8..a25ebc7 100644
--- a/examples/flask/app.py
+++ b/examples/flask/app.py
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 
 db = SQLAlchemy(engine_options={"echo": True})
 app = Flask(__name__)
-app.config[
-    "SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"
-] = "sqlite:////tmp/example.db?check_same_thread=False"
+app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = (
+    "sqlite:////tmp/example.db?check_same_thread=False"
+)
 db.init_app(app)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_multiple_field.py b/tests/test_multiple_field.py
index e9f875a..f56285d 100644
--- a/tests/test_multiple_field.py
+++ b/tests/test_multiple_field.py
@@ -34,11 +34,7 @@ class Attachment(Base):
     multiple_content = Column(FileField(multiple=True))
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<Attachment: id {} ; name: {}; multiple_content {}>".format(
-            self.id,
-            self.name,
-            self.multiple_content,
-        )  # pragma: no cover
+        return f"<Attachment: id {self.id} ; name: {self.name}; multiple_content {self.multiple_content}>"  # pragma: no cover
 
 
 class TestMultipleField:
diff --git a/tests/test_result_value.py b/tests/test_result_value.py
index aa36c35..623803c 100644
--- a/tests/test_result_value.py
+++ b/tests/test_result_value.py
@@ -33,12 +33,7 @@ class Attachment(Base):
     )
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<Attachment: id {} ; name: {}; content {}; multiple_content {}>".format(
-            self.id,
-            self.name,
-            self.content,
-            self.multiple_content,
-        )  # pragma: no cover
+        return f"<Attachment: id {self.id} ; name: {self.name}; content {self.content}; multiple_content {self.multiple_content}>"  # pragma: no cover
 
 
 class TestResultValue:
diff --git a/tests/test_single_field.py b/tests/test_single_field.py
index b6b3deb..bb86386 100644
--- a/tests/test_single_field.py
+++ b/tests/test_single_field.py
@@ -37,12 +37,7 @@ class Attachment(Base):
     article_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("article.id"))
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<Attachment: id {} ; name: {}; content {}; article_id {}>".format(
-            self.id,
-            self.name,
-            self.content,
-            self.article_id,
-        )  # pragma: no cover
+        return f"<Attachment: id {self.id} ; name: {self.name}; content {self.content}; article_id {self.article_id}>"  # pragma: no cover
 
 
 class Article(Base):