wled.cpp

#define WLED_DEFINE_GLOBAL_VARS //only in one source file, wled.cpp!
#include "wled.h"
#include "wled_ethernet.h"
#include <Arduino.h>

#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET)
#include "soc/soc.h"
#include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h"
#endif

/*
 * Main WLED class implementation. Mostly initialization and connection logic
 */

WLED::WLED()
{
}

// turns all LEDs off and restarts ESP
void WLED::reset()
{
  briT = 0;
  #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_WEBSOCKETS
  ws.closeAll(1012);
  #endif
  unsigned long dly = millis();
  while (millis() - dly < 450) {
    yield();        // enough time to send response to client
  }
  applyBri();
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("WLED RESET"));
  ESP.restart();
}

void WLED::loop()
{
  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  static unsigned long lastRun = 0;
  unsigned long        loopMillis = millis();
  size_t               loopDelay = loopMillis - lastRun;
  if (lastRun == 0) loopDelay=0; // startup - don't have valid data from last run.
  if (loopDelay > 2) DEBUG_PRINTF("Loop delayed more than %ums.\n", loopDelay);
  static unsigned long maxLoopMillis = 0;
  static size_t        avgLoopMillis = 0;
  static unsigned long maxUsermodMillis = 0;
  static size_t        avgUsermodMillis = 0;
  static unsigned long maxStripMillis = 0;
  static size_t        avgStripMillis = 0;
  unsigned long        stripMillis;
  #endif

  handleTime();
  #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_INFRARED
  handleIR();        // 2nd call to function needed for ESP32 to return valid results -- should be good for ESP8266, too
  #endif
  handleConnection();
  #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_ESPNOW
  handleRemote();
  #endif
  handleSerial();
  handleImprovWifiScan();
  handleNotifications();
  handleTransitions();
#ifdef WLED_ENABLE_DMX
  handleDMX();
#endif
  userLoop();

  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  unsigned long usermodMillis = millis();
  #endif
  usermods.loop();
  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  usermodMillis = millis() - usermodMillis;
  avgUsermodMillis += usermodMillis;
  if (usermodMillis > maxUsermodMillis) maxUsermodMillis = usermodMillis;
  #endif

  yield();
  handleIO();
  #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_INFRARED
  handleIR();
  #endif
  #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_ALEXA
  handleAlexa();
  #endif

  if (doCloseFile) {
    closeFile();
    yield();
  }

  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  stripMillis = millis();
  #endif
  if (!realtimeMode || realtimeOverride || (realtimeMode && useMainSegmentOnly))  // block stuff if WARLS/Adalight is enabled
  {
    if (apActive) dnsServer.processNextRequest();
    #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
    if (WLED_CONNECTED && aOtaEnabled && !otaLock && correctPIN) ArduinoOTA.handle();
    #endif
    handleNightlight();
    handlePlaylist();
    yield();

    #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_HUESYNC
    handleHue();
    yield();
    #endif

    handlePresets();
    yield();

    if (!offMode || strip.isOffRefreshRequired())
      strip.service();
    #ifdef ESP8266
    else if (!noWifiSleep)
      delay(1); //required to make sure ESP enters modem sleep (see #1184)
    #endif
  }
  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  stripMillis = millis() - stripMillis;
  avgStripMillis += stripMillis;
  if (stripMillis > maxStripMillis) maxStripMillis = stripMillis;
  #endif

  yield();
#ifdef ESP8266
  MDNS.update();
#endif

  //millis() rolls over every 50 days
  if (lastMqttReconnectAttempt > millis()) {
    rolloverMillis++;
    lastMqttReconnectAttempt = 0;
    ntpLastSyncTime = 0;
    strip.restartRuntime();
  }
  if (millis() - lastMqttReconnectAttempt > 30000 || lastMqttReconnectAttempt == 0) { // lastMqttReconnectAttempt==0 forces immediate broadcast
    lastMqttReconnectAttempt = millis();
    #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
    initMqtt();
    #endif
    yield();
    // refresh WLED nodes list
    refreshNodeList();
    if (nodeBroadcastEnabled) sendSysInfoUDP();
    yield();
  }

  // 15min PIN time-out
  if (strlen(settingsPIN)>0 && correctPIN && millis() - lastEditTime > PIN_TIMEOUT) {
    correctPIN = false;
    createEditHandler(false);
  }

  //LED settings have been saved, re-init busses
  //This code block causes severe FPS drop on ESP32 with the original "if (busConfigs[0] != nullptr)" conditional. Investigate!
  if (doInitBusses) {
    doInitBusses = false;
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Re-init busses."));
    bool aligned = strip.checkSegmentAlignment(); //see if old segments match old bus(ses)
    busses.removeAll();
    uint32_t mem = 0, globalBufMem = 0;
    uint16_t maxlen = 0;
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < WLED_MAX_BUSSES+WLED_MIN_VIRTUAL_BUSSES; i++) {
      if (busConfigs[i] == nullptr) break;
      mem += BusManager::memUsage(*busConfigs[i]);
      if (useGlobalLedBuffer && busConfigs[i]->start + busConfigs[i]->count > maxlen) {
          maxlen = busConfigs[i]->start + busConfigs[i]->count;
          globalBufMem = maxlen * 4;
      }
      if (mem + globalBufMem <= MAX_LED_MEMORY) {
        busses.add(*busConfigs[i]);
      }
      delete busConfigs[i]; busConfigs[i] = nullptr;
    }
    strip.finalizeInit(); // also loads default ledmap if present
    if (aligned) strip.makeAutoSegments();
    else strip.fixInvalidSegments();
    doSerializeConfig = true;
  }
  if (loadLedmap >= 0) {
    if (!strip.deserializeMap(loadLedmap) && strip.isMatrix && loadLedmap == 0) strip.setUpMatrix();
    loadLedmap = -1;
  }
  yield();
  if (doSerializeConfig) serializeConfig();

  yield();
  handleWs();
  handleStatusLED();

  toki.resetTick();

#if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
  // we finished our mainloop, reset the watchdog timer
  static unsigned long lastWDTFeed = 0;
  if (!strip.isUpdating() || millis() - lastWDTFeed > (WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT*500)) {
  #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
    esp_task_wdt_reset();
  #else
    ESP.wdtFeed();
  #endif
    lastWDTFeed = millis();
  }
#endif

  if (doReboot && (!doInitBusses || !doSerializeConfig)) // if busses have to be inited & saved, wait until next iteration
    reset();

// DEBUG serial logging (every 30s)
#ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  loopMillis = millis() - loopMillis;
  if (loopMillis > 30) {
    DEBUG_PRINTF("Loop took %lums.\n", loopMillis);
    DEBUG_PRINTF("Usermods took %lums.\n", usermodMillis);
    DEBUG_PRINTF("Strip took %lums.\n", stripMillis);
  }
  avgLoopMillis += loopMillis;
  if (loopMillis > maxLoopMillis) maxLoopMillis = loopMillis;
  if (millis() - debugTime > 29999) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("---DEBUG INFO---"));
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Runtime: "));       DEBUG_PRINTLN(millis());
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Unix time: "));     toki.printTime(toki.getTime());
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Free heap: "));     DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());
    #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
    if (psramFound()) {
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Total PSRAM: "));    DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getPsramSize()/1024); DEBUG_PRINTLN("kB");
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Free PSRAM: "));     DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getFreePsram()/1024); DEBUG_PRINTLN("kB");
    }
    #endif
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Wifi state: "));      DEBUG_PRINTLN(WiFi.status());

    if (WiFi.status() != lastWifiState) {
      wifiStateChangedTime = millis();
    }
    lastWifiState = WiFi.status();
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("State time: "));      DEBUG_PRINTLN(wifiStateChangedTime);
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("NTP last sync: "));   DEBUG_PRINTLN(ntpLastSyncTime);
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Client IP: "));       DEBUG_PRINTLN(Network.localIP());
    if (loops > 0) { // avoid division by zero
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Loops/sec: "));       DEBUG_PRINTLN(loops / 30);
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Loop time[ms]: "));   DEBUG_PRINT(avgLoopMillis/loops); DEBUG_PRINT("/");DEBUG_PRINTLN(maxLoopMillis);
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("UM time[ms]: "));     DEBUG_PRINT(avgUsermodMillis/loops); DEBUG_PRINT("/");DEBUG_PRINTLN(maxUsermodMillis);
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Strip time[ms]: "));  DEBUG_PRINT(avgStripMillis/loops); DEBUG_PRINT("/"); DEBUG_PRINTLN(maxStripMillis);
    }
    strip.printSize();
    loops = 0;
    maxLoopMillis = 0;
    maxUsermodMillis = 0;
    maxStripMillis = 0;
    avgUsermodMillis = 0;
    avgStripMillis = 0;
    debugTime = millis();
  }
  loops++;
  lastRun = millis();
#endif        // WLED_DEBUG
}

void WLED::enableWatchdog() {
#if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  esp_err_t watchdog = esp_task_wdt_init(WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT, true);
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("Watchdog enabled: "));
  if (watchdog == ESP_OK) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OK"));
  } else {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(watchdog);
    return;
  }
  esp_task_wdt_add(NULL);
#else
  ESP.wdtEnable(WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT * 1000);
#endif
#endif
}

void WLED::disableWatchdog() {
#if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Watchdog: disabled"));
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  esp_task_wdt_delete(NULL);
#else
  ESP.wdtDisable();
#endif
#endif
}

void WLED::setup()
{
  #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET)
  WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0); //disable brownout detection
  #endif

  #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  pinMode(hardwareRX, INPUT_PULLDOWN); delay(1);        // suppress noise in case RX pin is floating (at low noise energy) - see issue #3128
  #endif
  Serial.begin(115200);
  #if !ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT
  Serial.setTimeout(50);  // this causes troubles on new MCUs that have a "virtual" USB Serial (HWCDC)
  #else
  #endif
  #if defined(WLED_DEBUG) && defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && (defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT)
  delay(2500);  // allow CDC USB serial to initialise
  #endif
  #if !defined(WLED_DEBUG) && defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(WLED_DEBUG_HOST) && ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT
  Serial.setDebugOutput(false); // switch off kernel messages when using USBCDC
  #endif
  DEBUG_PRINTLN();
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("---WLED "));
  DEBUG_PRINT(versionString);
  DEBUG_PRINT(" ");
  DEBUG_PRINT(VERSION);
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" INIT---"));
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("esp32 "));
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getSdkVersion());
  #if defined(ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION)
    //DEBUG_PRINTF(F("arduino-esp32  0x%06x\n"), ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION);
    DEBUG_PRINTF("arduino-esp32 v%d.%d.%d\n", int(ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION_MAJOR), int(ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION_MINOR), int(ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION_PATCH));  // availeable since v2.0.0
  #else
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("arduino-esp32 v1.0.x\n"));  // we can't say in more detail.
  #endif

  DEBUG_PRINT(F("CPU:   ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getChipModel());
  DEBUG_PRINT(F(" rev.")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getChipRevision());
  DEBUG_PRINT(F(", ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getChipCores()); DEBUG_PRINT(F(" core(s)"));
  DEBUG_PRINT(F(", ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getCpuFreqMHz()); DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("MHz."));
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("FLASH: ")); DEBUG_PRINT((ESP.getFlashChipSize()/1024)/1024);
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("MB, Mode ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getFlashChipMode());
  #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  switch (ESP.getFlashChipMode()) {
    // missing: Octal modes
    case FM_QIO:  DEBUG_PRINT(F(" (QIO)")); break;
    case FM_QOUT: DEBUG_PRINT(F(" (QOUT)"));break;
    case FM_DIO:  DEBUG_PRINT(F(" (DIO)")); break;
    case FM_DOUT: DEBUG_PRINT(F(" (DOUT)"));break;
    default: break;
  }
  #endif
  DEBUG_PRINT(F(", speed ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getFlashChipSpeed()/1000000);DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("MHz."));

#else
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("esp8266 "));
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getCoreVersion());
#endif
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("heap ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());

#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
  #if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
  // S3: reserve GPIO 33-37 for "octal" PSRAM
  managed_pin_type pins[] = { {33, true}, {34, true}, {35, true}, {36, true}, {37, true} };
  pinManager.allocateMultiplePins(pins, sizeof(pins)/sizeof(managed_pin_type), PinOwner::SPI_RAM);
  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2)
  // S2: reserve GPIO 26-32 for PSRAM (may fail due to isPinOk() but that will also prevent other allocation)
  managed_pin_type pins[] = { {26, true}, {27, true}, {28, true}, {29, true}, {30, true}, {31, true}, {32, true} };
  pinManager.allocateMultiplePins(pins, sizeof(pins)/sizeof(managed_pin_type), PinOwner::SPI_RAM);
  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
  // C3: reserve GPIO 12-17 for PSRAM (may fail due to isPinOk() but that will also prevent other allocation)
  managed_pin_type pins[] = { {12, true}, {13, true}, {14, true}, {15, true}, {16, true}, {17, true} };
  pinManager.allocateMultiplePins(pins, sizeof(pins)/sizeof(managed_pin_type), PinOwner::SPI_RAM);
  #else
  // GPIO16/GPIO17 reserved for SPI RAM
  managed_pin_type pins[] = { {16, true}, {17, true} };
  pinManager.allocateMultiplePins(pins, sizeof(pins)/sizeof(managed_pin_type), PinOwner::SPI_RAM);
  #endif
  #if defined(WLED_USE_PSRAM)
  if (psramFound()) {
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Total PSRAM: ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getPsramSize()/1024); DEBUG_PRINTLN("kB");
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Free PSRAM : ")); DEBUG_PRINT(ESP.getFreePsram()/1024); DEBUG_PRINTLN("kB");
  }
  #else
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("PSRAM not used."));
  #endif
#endif

  //DEBUG_PRINT(F("LEDs inited. heap usage ~"));
  //DEBUG_PRINTLN(heapPreAlloc - ESP.getFreeHeap());

#ifdef WLED_DEBUG
  pinManager.allocatePin(hardwareTX, true, PinOwner::DebugOut); // TX (GPIO1 on ESP32) reserved for debug output
#endif
#ifdef WLED_ENABLE_DMX //reserve GPIO2 as hardcoded DMX pin
  pinManager.allocatePin(2, true, PinOwner::DMX);
#endif

  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Registering usermods ..."));
  registerUsermods();

  DEBUG_PRINT(F("heap ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());

  for (uint8_t i=1; i<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; i++) btnPin[i] = -1;

  bool fsinit = false;
  DEBUGFS_PRINTLN(F("Mount FS"));
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  fsinit = WLED_FS.begin(true);
#else
  fsinit = WLED_FS.begin();
#endif
  if (!fsinit) {
    DEBUGFS_PRINTLN(F("FS failed!"));
    errorFlag = ERR_FS_BEGIN;
  }
#ifdef WLED_ADD_EEPROM_SUPPORT
  else deEEP();
#else
  initPresetsFile();
#endif
  updateFSInfo();

  // generate module IDs must be done before AP setup
  escapedMac = WiFi.macAddress();
  escapedMac.replace(":", "");
  escapedMac.toLowerCase();

  WLED_SET_AP_SSID(); // otherwise it is empty on first boot until config is saved

  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Reading config"));
  deserializeConfigFromFS();

#if defined(STATUSLED) && STATUSLED>=0
  if (!pinManager.isPinAllocated(STATUSLED)) {
    // NOTE: Special case: The status LED should *NOT* be allocated.
    //       See comments in handleStatusLed().
    pinMode(STATUSLED, OUTPUT);
  }
#endif

  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Initializing strip"));
  beginStrip();
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("heap ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());

  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Usermods setup"));
  userSetup();
  usermods.setup();
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("heap ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());

  if (strcmp(clientSSID, DEFAULT_CLIENT_SSID) == 0)
    showWelcomePage = true;
  WiFi.persistent(false);
  #ifdef WLED_USE_ETHERNET
  WiFi.onEvent(WiFiEvent);
  #endif

  #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_ADALIGHT
  //Serial RX (Adalight, Improv, Serial JSON) only possible if GPIO3 unused
  //Serial TX (Debug, Improv, Serial JSON) only possible if GPIO1 unused
  if (!pinManager.isPinAllocated(hardwareRX) && !pinManager.isPinAllocated(hardwareTX)) {
    Serial.println(F("Ada"));
  }
  #endif

  // fill in unique mdns default
  if (strcmp(cmDNS, "x") == 0) sprintf_P(cmDNS, PSTR("wled-%*s"), 6, escapedMac.c_str() + 6);
#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
  if (mqttDeviceTopic[0] == 0) sprintf_P(mqttDeviceTopic, PSTR("wled/%*s"), 6, escapedMac.c_str() + 6);
  if (mqttClientID[0] == 0)    sprintf_P(mqttClientID, PSTR("WLED-%*s"), 6, escapedMac.c_str() + 6);
#endif

#ifdef WLED_ENABLE_ADALIGHT
  if (Serial.available() > 0 && Serial.peek() == 'I') handleImprovPacket();
#endif

#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
  if (aOtaEnabled) {
    ArduinoOTA.onStart([]() {
#ifdef ESP8266
      wifi_set_sleep_type(NONE_SLEEP_T);
#endif
      WLED::instance().disableWatchdog();
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Start ArduinoOTA"));
    });
    ArduinoOTA.onError([](ota_error_t error) {
      // reenable watchdog on failed update
      WLED::instance().enableWatchdog();
    });
    if (strlen(cmDNS) > 0)
      ArduinoOTA.setHostname(cmDNS);
  }
#endif
#ifdef WLED_ENABLE_DMX
  initDMX();
#endif

#ifdef WLED_ENABLE_ADALIGHT
  if (Serial.available() > 0 && Serial.peek() == 'I') handleImprovPacket();
#endif

  // HTTP server page init
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initServer"));
  initServer();
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("heap ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ESP.getFreeHeap());

  enableWatchdog();

  #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET)
  WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 1); //enable brownout detector
  #endif
}

void WLED::beginStrip()
{
  // Initialize NeoPixel Strip and button
  strip.finalizeInit(); // busses created during deserializeConfig()
  strip.makeAutoSegments();
  strip.setBrightness(0);
  strip.setShowCallback(handleOverlayDraw);

  if (turnOnAtBoot) {
    if (briS > 0) bri = briS;
    else if (bri == 0) bri = 128;
  } else {
    // fix for #3196
    briLast = briS; bri = 0;
    strip.fill(BLACK);
    strip.show();
  }
  if (bootPreset > 0) {
    applyPreset(bootPreset, CALL_MODE_INIT);
  }
  colorUpdated(CALL_MODE_INIT);

  // init relay pin
  if (rlyPin>=0)
    digitalWrite(rlyPin, (rlyMde ? bri : !bri));
}

void WLED::initAP(bool resetAP)
{
  if (apBehavior == AP_BEHAVIOR_BUTTON_ONLY && !resetAP)
    return;

  if (resetAP) {
    WLED_SET_AP_SSID();
    strcpy_P(apPass, PSTR(WLED_AP_PASS));
  }
  DEBUG_PRINT(F("Opening access point "));
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(apSSID);
  WiFi.softAPConfig(IPAddress(4, 3, 2, 1), IPAddress(4, 3, 2, 1), IPAddress(255, 255, 255, 0));
  WiFi.softAP(apSSID, apPass, apChannel, apHide);
  #if defined(LOLIN_WIFI_FIX) && (defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32C3) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32S2) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32S3))
  WiFi.setTxPower(WIFI_POWER_8_5dBm);
  #endif

  if (!apActive) // start captive portal if AP active
  {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Init AP interfaces"));
    server.begin();
    if (udpPort > 0 && udpPort != ntpLocalPort) {
      udpConnected = notifierUdp.begin(udpPort);
    }
    if (udpRgbPort > 0 && udpRgbPort != ntpLocalPort && udpRgbPort != udpPort) {
      udpRgbConnected = rgbUdp.begin(udpRgbPort);
    }
    if (udpPort2 > 0 && udpPort2 != ntpLocalPort && udpPort2 != udpPort && udpPort2 != udpRgbPort) {
      udp2Connected = notifier2Udp.begin(udpPort2);
    }
    e131.begin(false, e131Port, e131Universe, E131_MAX_UNIVERSE_COUNT);
    ddp.begin(false, DDP_DEFAULT_PORT);

    dnsServer.setErrorReplyCode(DNSReplyCode::NoError);
    dnsServer.start(53, "*", WiFi.softAPIP());
  }
  apActive = true;
}

bool WLED::initEthernet()
{
#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_USE_ETHERNET)

  static bool successfullyConfiguredEthernet = false;

  if (successfullyConfiguredEthernet) {
    // DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initE: ETH already successfully configured, ignoring"));
    return false;
  }
  if (ethernetType == WLED_ETH_NONE) {
    return false;
  }
  if (ethernetType >= WLED_NUM_ETH_TYPES) {
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("initE: Ignoring attempt for invalid ethernetType ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ethernetType);
    return false;
  }

  DEBUG_PRINT(F("initE: Attempting ETH config: ")); DEBUG_PRINTLN(ethernetType);

  // Ethernet initialization should only succeed once -- else reboot required
  ethernet_settings es = ethernetBoards[ethernetType];
  managed_pin_type pinsToAllocate[10] = {
    // first six pins are non-configurable
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[0],
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[1],
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[2],
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[3],
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[4],
    esp32_nonconfigurable_ethernet_pins[5],
    { (int8_t)es.eth_mdc,   true },  // [6] = MDC  is output and mandatory
    { (int8_t)es.eth_mdio,  true },  // [7] = MDIO is bidirectional and mandatory
    { (int8_t)es.eth_power, true },  // [8] = optional pin, not all boards use
    { ((int8_t)0xFE),       false }, // [9] = replaced with eth_clk_mode, mandatory
  };
  // update the clock pin....
  if (es.eth_clk_mode == ETH_CLOCK_GPIO0_IN) {
    pinsToAllocate[9].pin = 0;
    pinsToAllocate[9].isOutput = false;
  } else if (es.eth_clk_mode == ETH_CLOCK_GPIO0_OUT) {
    pinsToAllocate[9].pin = 0;
    pinsToAllocate[9].isOutput = true;
  } else if (es.eth_clk_mode == ETH_CLOCK_GPIO16_OUT) {
    pinsToAllocate[9].pin = 16;
    pinsToAllocate[9].isOutput = true;
  } else if (es.eth_clk_mode == ETH_CLOCK_GPIO17_OUT) {
    pinsToAllocate[9].pin = 17;
    pinsToAllocate[9].isOutput = true;
  } else {
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("initE: Failing due to invalid eth_clk_mode ("));
    DEBUG_PRINT(es.eth_clk_mode);
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(")");
    return false;
  }

  if (!pinManager.allocateMultiplePins(pinsToAllocate, 10, PinOwner::Ethernet)) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initE: Failed to allocate ethernet pins"));
    return false;
  }

  /*
  For LAN8720 the most correct way is to perform clean reset each time before init
  applying LOW to power or nRST pin for at least 100 us (please refer to datasheet, page 59)
  ESP_IDF > V4 implements it (150 us, lan87xx_reset_hw(esp_eth_phy_t *phy) function in 
  /components/esp_eth/src/esp_eth_phy_lan87xx.c, line 280)
  but ESP_IDF < V4 does not. Lets do it:
  [not always needed, might be relevant in some EMI situations at startup and for hot resets]
  */
  #if ESP_IDF_VERSION_MAJOR==3
  if(es.eth_power>0 && es.eth_type==ETH_PHY_LAN8720) {
    pinMode(es.eth_power, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(es.eth_power, 0);
    delayMicroseconds(150);
    digitalWrite(es.eth_power, 1);
    delayMicroseconds(10);
  }
  #endif

  if (!ETH.begin(
                (uint8_t) es.eth_address,
                (int)     es.eth_power,
                (int)     es.eth_mdc,
                (int)     es.eth_mdio,
                (eth_phy_type_t)   es.eth_type,
                (eth_clock_mode_t) es.eth_clk_mode
                )) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initC: ETH.begin() failed"));
    // de-allocate the allocated pins
    for (managed_pin_type mpt : pinsToAllocate) {
      pinManager.deallocatePin(mpt.pin, PinOwner::Ethernet);
    }
    return false;
  }

  successfullyConfiguredEthernet = true;
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initC: *** Ethernet successfully configured! ***"));
  return true;
#else
  return false; // Ethernet not enabled for build
#endif

}

void WLED::initConnection()
{
  #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_WEBSOCKETS
  ws.onEvent(wsEvent);
  #endif

  WiFi.disconnect(true);        // close old connections
#ifdef ESP8266
  WiFi.setPhyMode(WIFI_PHY_MODE_11N);
#endif

  if (staticIP[0] != 0 && staticGateway[0] != 0) {
    WiFi.config(staticIP, staticGateway, staticSubnet, IPAddress(1, 1, 1, 1));
  } else {
    WiFi.config(IPAddress((uint32_t)0), IPAddress((uint32_t)0), IPAddress((uint32_t)0));
  }

  lastReconnectAttempt = millis();

  if (!WLED_WIFI_CONFIGURED) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("No connection configured."));
    if (!apActive) initAP();        // instantly go to ap mode
    return;
  } else if (!apActive) {
    if (apBehavior == AP_BEHAVIOR_ALWAYS) {
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Access point ALWAYS enabled."));
      initAP();
    } else {
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Access point disabled (init)."));
      WiFi.softAPdisconnect(true);
      WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
    }
  }
  showWelcomePage = false;

  DEBUG_PRINT(F("Connecting to "));
  DEBUG_PRINT(clientSSID);
  DEBUG_PRINTLN("...");

  // convert the "serverDescription" into a valid DNS hostname (alphanumeric)
  char hostname[25];
  prepareHostname(hostname);

#ifdef ESP8266
  WiFi.hostname(hostname);
#endif

  WiFi.begin(clientSSID, clientPass);
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
  #if defined(LOLIN_WIFI_FIX) && (defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32C3) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32S2) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32S3))
  WiFi.setTxPower(WIFI_POWER_8_5dBm);
  #endif
  WiFi.setSleep(!noWifiSleep);
  WiFi.setHostname(hostname);
#else
  wifi_set_sleep_type((noWifiSleep) ? NONE_SLEEP_T : MODEM_SLEEP_T);
#endif
}

void WLED::initInterfaces()
{
  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Init STA interfaces"));

#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_HUESYNC
  IPAddress ipAddress = Network.localIP();
  if (hueIP[0] == 0) {
    hueIP[0] = ipAddress[0];
    hueIP[1] = ipAddress[1];
    hueIP[2] = ipAddress[2];
  }
#endif

#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_ALEXA
  // init Alexa hue emulation
  if (alexaEnabled)
    alexaInit();
#endif

#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
  if (aOtaEnabled)
    ArduinoOTA.begin();
#endif

  // Set up mDNS responder:
  if (strlen(cmDNS) > 0) {
    // "end" must be called before "begin" is called a 2nd time
    // see https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino/issues/7213
    MDNS.end();
    MDNS.begin(cmDNS);

    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("mDNS started"));
    MDNS.addService("http", "tcp", 80);
    MDNS.addService("wled", "tcp", 80);
    MDNS.addServiceTxt("wled", "tcp", "mac", escapedMac.c_str());
  }
  server.begin();

  if (udpPort > 0 && udpPort != ntpLocalPort) {
    udpConnected = notifierUdp.begin(udpPort);
    if (udpConnected && udpRgbPort != udpPort)
      udpRgbConnected = rgbUdp.begin(udpRgbPort);
    if (udpConnected && udpPort2 != udpPort && udpPort2 != udpRgbPort)
      udp2Connected = notifier2Udp.begin(udpPort2);
  }
  if (ntpEnabled)
    ntpConnected = ntpUdp.begin(ntpLocalPort);

  e131.begin(e131Multicast, e131Port, e131Universe, E131_MAX_UNIVERSE_COUNT);
  ddp.begin(false, DDP_DEFAULT_PORT);
  reconnectHue();
#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
  initMqtt();
#endif
  interfacesInited = true;
  wasConnected = true;
}

void WLED::handleConnection()
{
  static byte stacO = 0;
  static uint32_t lastHeap = UINT32_MAX;
  static unsigned long heapTime = 0;
  unsigned long now = millis();

  if (now < 2000 && (!WLED_WIFI_CONFIGURED || apBehavior == AP_BEHAVIOR_ALWAYS))
    return;

  if (lastReconnectAttempt == 0) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("lastReconnectAttempt == 0"));
    initConnection();
    return;
  }

  // reconnect WiFi to clear stale allocations if heap gets too low
  if (now - heapTime > 5000) {
    uint32_t heap = ESP.getFreeHeap();
    if (heap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE && lastHeap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Heap too low! "));
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(heap);
      forceReconnect = true;
      strip.purgeSegments(true); // remove all but one segments from memory
    } else if (heap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
      strip.purgeSegments();
    }
    lastHeap = heap;
    heapTime = now;
  }

  byte stac = 0;
  if (apActive) {
#ifdef ESP8266
    stac = wifi_softap_get_station_num();
#else
    wifi_sta_list_t stationList;
    esp_wifi_ap_get_sta_list(&stationList);
    stac = stationList.num;
#endif
    if (stac != stacO) {
      stacO = stac;
      DEBUG_PRINT(F("Connected AP clients: "));
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(stac);
      if (!WLED_CONNECTED && WLED_WIFI_CONFIGURED) {        // trying to connect, but not connected
        if (stac)
          WiFi.disconnect();        // disable search so that AP can work
        else
          initConnection();         // restart search
      }
    }
  }
  if (forceReconnect) {
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Forcing reconnect."));
    initConnection();
    interfacesInited = false;
    forceReconnect = false;
    wasConnected = false;
    return;
  }
  if (!Network.isConnected()) {
    if (interfacesInited) {
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Disconnected!"));
      interfacesInited = false;
      initConnection();
    }
    //send improv failed 6 seconds after second init attempt (24 sec. after provisioning)
    if (improvActive > 2 && now - lastReconnectAttempt > 6000) {
      sendImprovStateResponse(0x03, true);
      improvActive = 2;
    }
    if (now - lastReconnectAttempt > ((stac) ? 300000 : 18000) && WLED_WIFI_CONFIGURED) {
      if (improvActive == 2) improvActive = 3;
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Last reconnect too old."));
      initConnection();
    }
    if (!apActive && now - lastReconnectAttempt > 12000 && (!wasConnected || apBehavior == AP_BEHAVIOR_NO_CONN)) {
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Not connected AP."));
      initAP();
    }
  } else if (!interfacesInited) { //newly connected
    DEBUG_PRINTLN("");
    DEBUG_PRINT(F("Connected! IP address: "));
    DEBUG_PRINTLN(Network.localIP());
    if (improvActive) {
      if (improvError == 3) sendImprovStateResponse(0x00, true);
      sendImprovStateResponse(0x04);
      if (improvActive > 1) sendImprovIPRPCResult(ImprovRPCType::Command_Wifi);
    }
    initInterfaces();
    userConnected();
    usermods.connected();
    lastMqttReconnectAttempt = 0; // force immediate update

    // shut down AP
    if (apBehavior != AP_BEHAVIOR_ALWAYS && apActive) {
      dnsServer.stop();
      WiFi.softAPdisconnect(true);
      apActive = false;
      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Access point disabled (handle)."));
    }
  }
}

// If status LED pin is allocated for other uses, does nothing
// else blink at 1Hz when WLED_CONNECTED is false (no WiFi, ?? no Ethernet ??)
// else blink at 2Hz when MQTT is enabled but not connected
// else turn the status LED off
void WLED::handleStatusLED()
{
  #if defined(STATUSLED)
  uint32_t c = 0;

  #if STATUSLED>=0
  if (pinManager.isPinAllocated(STATUSLED)) {
    return; //lower priority if something else uses the same pin
  }
  #endif

  if (WLED_CONNECTED) {
    c = RGBW32(0,255,0,0);
    ledStatusType = 2;
  } else if (WLED_MQTT_CONNECTED) {
    c = RGBW32(0,128,0,0);
    ledStatusType = 4;
  } else if (apActive) {
    c = RGBW32(0,0,255,0);
    ledStatusType = 1;
  }
  if (ledStatusType) {
    if (millis() - ledStatusLastMillis >= (1000/ledStatusType)) {
      ledStatusLastMillis = millis();
      ledStatusState = !ledStatusState;
      #if STATUSLED>=0
      digitalWrite(STATUSLED, ledStatusState);
      #else
      busses.setStatusPixel(ledStatusState ? c : 0);
      #endif
    }
  } else {
    #if STATUSLED>=0
      #ifdef STATUSLEDINVERTED
      digitalWrite(STATUSLED, HIGH);
      #else
      digitalWrite(STATUSLED, LOW);
      #endif
    #else
      busses.setStatusPixel(0);
    #endif
  }
  #endif
}