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CRRC - Wikipedia.html
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span>History</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span>Merger</div>
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<li id="toc-Overseas_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2">
<a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#Overseas_expansion">
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span>Overseas expansion</div>
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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#South_African_bribery_allegations">
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span>South African bribery allegations</div>
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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#US_sanctions">
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span>US sanctions</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span>EU investigation</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span>Shareholders</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span>CRRC Sifang America</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span>Subsidiaries</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span>Locomotive</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span>Rolling Stock</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span>Locomotive & Rolling Stock</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span>Other</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span>Joint venture</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span>Overseas</div>
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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#Other_investments">
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span>Other investments</div>
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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#See_also">
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span>See also</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span>Notes</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span>References</div>
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span>External links</div>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">CRRC</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese rolling stock manufacturer</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat_Rubber_Raiding_Craft" title="Combat Rubber Raiding Craft">Combat Rubber Raiding Craft</a>.</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">CRRC Corporation Ltd.<br>中国中车股份有限公司</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CRRC_Corporation_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/CRRC_Corporation_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/ee/CRRC_Corporation_Logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="72"></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprise</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><table><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Stock_Exchange" title="Shanghai Stock Exchange">SSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.sse.com.cn/markets/equities/list/overview/?COMPANY_CODE=601766&STOCK_CODE=601766">601766</a></td><td>(A share)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">SEHK</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkex.com.hk/Market-Data/Securities-Prices/Equities/Equities-Quote?sym=1766&sc_lang=en">1766</a></td><td>(H share)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;">Manufacturing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_CNR" title="China CNR">CNR</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Corporation_Limited" title="CSR Corporation Limited">CSR</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">1 June 2015<span class="noprint">; 8 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1 June 2015</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-rgi20150602_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-rgi20150602-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><div style="display: inline;" class="locality"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></div>, <div style="display: inline;" class="country-name">China</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>China</li><li>exported worldwide</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><table style="text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Liu Hualong</td><td>(chairman of the board, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_Committee_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Party Committee Secretary">party secretary</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-senior2015_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-senior2015-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Xi Guohua</td><td>(vice-chairman, <span class="nowrap">deputy party secretary</span>, president)<sup id="cite_ref-senior2015_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-senior2015-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Sun Yongcai</td><td>(<span class="nowrap">executive director</span>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice-president" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-president">vice-president</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-director1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-director1-4">[4]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Xu Zongxiang</td><td>(executive director)<sup id="cite_ref-director1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-director1-4">[4]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><hr></td><td></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Wan Jun</td><td>(chairman of the supervisory board, <span class="nowrap">deputy party secretary</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Zhan Yanjing</td><td>(CFO & vice-president)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Wang Jun</td><td>(vice-president)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Lou Qiliang</td><td>(vice-president)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>Yu Weiping</td><td>(vice-president)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Products</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Locomotive</li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">Rolling stock</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">CN¥</a>214.521 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,000,000,000" title="1,000,000,000">billion</a> (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">46,062,360,000 renminbi (2018) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026?uselang=en#P3362" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> CN¥<span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>12.998 billion (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> CN¥357,523 billion (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> CN¥149.684 billion (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a></td><td><span class="nowrap">(55.91%)<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 85">: 85 </span></sup></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Securities_Finance" title="China Securities Finance">CSF</a></td><td>(<span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2.87%)<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83">: 83 </span></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Huijin_Investment" title="Central Huijin Investment">Central Huijin</a></td><td>(<span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1.12%)<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83">: 83 </span></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>general public</td><td>(40.10%)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">183,061 (2016<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 60">: 60 </span></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">CRRC Group</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">中国中车股份有限公司</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">中國中車股份有限公司</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;"><button type="button" class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0"><span class="mw-collapsible-text">show</span></button>Transcriptions</th></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Zhōngchē Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;">CRRC</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">中国中车</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">中國中車</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;"><button type="button" class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0"><span class="mw-collapsible-text">show</span></button>Transcriptions</th></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Zhōngchē</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crrcgc.cc/en">crrcgc.cc</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><b>Footnotes / references</b><br>in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidated_financial_statement" title="Consolidated financial statement">consolidated financial statement</a>, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Financial_Reporting_Standards" title="International Financial Reporting Standards">IFRS</a><sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>CRRC Corporation Limited</b> (known as <b>CRRC</b>) is a Chinese <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">state-owned</a> and publicly traded <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a> manufacturer. It is the world's largest rolling stock manufacturer in terms of revenue, eclipsing its major competitors of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Mobility" title="Siemens Mobility">Siemens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>It was formed on 1 June 2015 through the merger of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_CNR" title="China CNR">CNR</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Corporation_Limited" title="CSR Corporation Limited">CSR</a>. As of 2016 it had 183,061 employees.<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup> The parent company is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a>, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">state-owned enterprise</a> supervised by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-owned_Assets_Supervision_and_Administration_Commission_of_the_State_Council" title="State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council">State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council</a>. The State Council also owned additional shares via <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Securities_Finance" title="China Securities Finance">China Securities Finance</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Huijin_Investment" title="Central Huijin Investment">Central Huijin Investment</a>.
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Merger">Merger</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Merger"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNR_Group" title="CNR Group">CNR Group</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Group" title="CSR Group">CSR Group</a>, were once one company, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_National_Railway_Locomotive_%26_Rolling_Stock_Industry_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China National Railway Locomotive & Rolling Stock Industry Corporation (page does not exist)">China National Railway Locomotive & Rolling Stock Industry Corporation</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6%E8%BD%A6%E8%BE%86%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E6%80%BB%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="extiw" title="zh:中国铁路机车车辆工业总公司">zh</a>]</span> (LORIC). The company was split up in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt20141230_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-nyt20141230-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
</p><p>In late 2014, CNR Group and CSR Group agreed to merge, subject to approval by the Chinese state. Under the agreement, CNR Group would formally acquire CSR Group (but <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Corporation_Limited" title="CSR Corporation Limited">CSR Corporation Limited</a> would acquire <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_CNR" title="China CNR">China CNR Corporation Limited</a>), and the combined business would be renamed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a> and <b>CRRC Corporation Limited</b> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> The rationales given for the merger were increased efficiency, and the ability to better compete internationally.<sup id="cite_ref-rgi20141231_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-rgi20141231-13">[13]</a></sup>
</p><p>The merger came into effect 1 June 2015, with each CNR share exchanged for 1.1 CSR shares - the combined company became the largest railway rolling stock manufacturer in the world, and held over 90% of the Chinese market. Total employment of the combine was 175,700 persons, and the share capital was valued at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">CN¥</a>27.289 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,000,000,000" title="1,000,000,000">billion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rgi20150602_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-rgi20150602-1">[1]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Overseas_expansion">Overseas expansion</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Overseas expansion"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>After the re-merger, CRRC started expanding overseas; after being awarded a 284 vehicle order (later expanded to 404 vehicles) for metro cars for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange</a> lines with a US$556.6 million bid in October 2014, the company started constructing a 13,900 square metres (150,000 sq ft) assembly plant in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield, Massachusetts</a>, at a former Westinghouse plant<sup id="cite_ref-irjoct2014_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-irjoct2014-14">[14]</a></sup> beginning in September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-rgplant2014_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-rgplant2014-15">[15]</a></sup> Manufacturing work began in April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup>
</p><p>In mid-2015, production began at a rolling stock plant in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_Gajah" title="Batu Gajah">Batu Gajah</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, a satellite of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Zhuzhou_Locomotive" title="CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive">CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive</a>, and the corporation's first plant outside China.<sup id="cite_ref-irjjul2015_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-irjjul2015-17">[17]</a></sup> Additionally the former CSR had acquired <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emprendimientos_Ferroviarios" title="Emprendimientos Ferroviarios">Emprendimientos Ferroviarios</a> in Argentina in 2014 and announced in 2016 that it would begin maintenance and production of new rolling stock for export in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-arg1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-arg1-18">[18]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arg2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-arg2-19">[19]</a></sup> Argentina had previously purchased a variety of rolling stock from the company over the years, including 704 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_EMU_(Argentina)" title="CSR EMU (Argentina)">EMU cars</a>, 81 DMU cars, 44 passenger locomotives, 360 carriages, 107 freight locomotives and 3,500 freight cars, in addition to the 150 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground_200_Series" title="Buenos Aires Underground 200 Series">200 Series</a> cars for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground" title="Buenos Aires Underground">Subte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arg2_19-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-arg2-19">[19]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> In 2017, the Argentine government purchased an additional 200 EMUs from CRRC.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
</p><p>In mid-2015, CRRC formed a freight wagon joint venture, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_Railcar" title="Vertex Railcar">Vertex Railcar</a>, as a minority partner with Hong Kong-based private equity firm <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majestic_Legend_Holdings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majestic Legend Holdings (page does not exist)">Majestic Legend Holdings</a> to establish production in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmington,_North_Carolina" title="Wilmington, North Carolina">Wilmington, North Carolina</a> at a former <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terex" title="Terex">Terex</a> facility.<sup id="cite_ref-wilminton2015_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-wilminton2015-23">[23]</a></sup> CRRC provided railcar designs and some components, and Majestic Legend invested US$6 million;<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> the plant was operational by the beginning of 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-wilminton2016_25-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-wilminton2016-25">[25]</a></sup> In August 2016, at the request of a letter from 55 US House of Representatives members alleging that Vertex was being unfairly subsidized by the Chinese government, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">United States Department of the Treasury</a> began an investigation into whether the Chinese investment in Vertex constituted a national security risk.<sup id="cite_ref-sno_26-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-sno-26">[26]</a></sup> 42 US Senators sent a similar letter in September, conveying concerns about the state-owned enterprises behind Vertex.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> The Treasury Department released its report in December and found that the joint ownership was not a risk.<sup id="cite_ref-sno_26-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-sno-26">[26]</a></sup>
</p><p>In late 2015, Yu Weiping, one of the vice-president of the company, stated the company planned to double overseas sales over five years, with North American passenger rail being one target.<sup id="cite_ref-bloom2015_28-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-bloom2015-28">[28]</a></sup> Interim six month financial results for the new company showed an increase in overseas revenue of over 60%. Half year revenue was CN¥91.8 billion, with a gross profit of CN¥19.5 billion. Non rail revenue (car equipment, generators) was CN¥20.94 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-irjprofit2015_29-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-irjprofit2015-29">[29]</a></sup>
</p><p>In March 2016, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang">CRRC Qingdao Sifang</a> was awarded a contract to build 400 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_series_(CTA)" class="mw-redirect" title="7000 series (CTA)">7000-series</a> cars for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Transit_Authority" title="Chicago Transit Authority">Chicago Transit Authority</a> (CTA), with an option for another 446 cars. The cost of the contract was US$632 million up to US$1.3 billion with options; as a consequence CRRC began development of a US$40 million assembly factory in Chicago, designed by Itasca, IL-based Cornerstone Architects Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup>
</p><p>In March 2017, Quincy, Massachusetts based CRRC MA was awarded a contract by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEPTA" title="SEPTA">SEPTA</a> to construct 45 bi-level rail cars with the option for 10 additional cars for delivery in October 2019. The SEPTA order will be built at the Springfield plant<sup id="cite_ref-crrcgc.cc_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-crrcgc.cc-32">[32]</a></sup> and car shell manufactured from the Tangshan plant.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> CRRC was selected over Hyundai Rotem and Bombardier, which also bid on the bi-level contract and had each produced equipment for SEPTA in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup> Later that month, CRRC was also awarded a contract to build 64 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_HR4000" title="CRRC HR4000">HR4000</a> cars for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> (LACMTA) that will replace <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breda_A650" title="Breda A650">existing vehicles</a> on the agency's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)" title="B Line (Los Angeles Metro)">Red</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)" title="D Line (Los Angeles Metro)">Purple</a> lines, with an option for another 218 cars.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup> The LACMTA order will result in a 41,218 square feet (3,829.3 m<sup>2</sup>) assembly plant (installing propulsion, HVAC and other general assembly) being built in LA.<sup id="cite_ref-crrcgc.cc_32-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-crrcgc.cc-32">[32]</a></sup>
</p><p>Delivery of the MBTA Red and Orange Line cars was severely delayed, and problems with electrical shorts, loose brake bolts, and derailments led to several removals of the new trains from service. The company blamed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain" title="Supply chain">supply chain</a> issues caused by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, but an MBTA official told CRRC MA management it "has completely abandoned its core responsibilities and commitment to lead, monitor and support quality management", and cited 16 specific failure areas.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup>
Workers at the site reported problems with quality tracking, trains being advanced through the assembly process despite missing parts, assembly occurring in the wrong order, and being left with nothing to do for months at a time because a disorderly invoice system failed to reliably pay suppliers for parts.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="South_African_bribery_allegations">South African bribery allegations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: South African bribery allegations"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In June 2016 a predecessor company of CRRC, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Corporation_Limited" title="CSR Corporation Limited">CSR Corporation Limited</a>, was implicated in allegations of bribery to obtain a 2012 US$6 billion tender to deliver 600 locomotives to the state owned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_Rail_Agency_of_South_Africa" title="Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa">Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa</a> (PRASA).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup> It was reported that the future South African Public Protector <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busisiwe_Mkhwebane" title="Busisiwe Mkhwebane">Busisiwe Mkhwebane</a> was implicated in the deal when she worked as Counselor Immigration and Civic Services in South Africa's embassy in China.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup> By 2020 it was reported that funds allocated to pay for an adjusted contract to deliver the locomotives produced by CSR Corporation, now reformed into CRRC<b>,</b> had been frozen by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Revenue_Service" title="South African Revenue Service">South African Revenue Service</a> due to possible instances of corruption paid to associates of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gupta_family" title="Gupta family">Gupta family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="US_sanctions">US sanctions</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: US sanctions"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_sanctions_against_China" title="United States sanctions against China">United States sanctions against China</a></div>
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a> alleges CRRC is a supplier to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup> In November 2020, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> issued an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_13959" title="Executive Order 13959">executive order</a> prohibiting any American company or individual from owning shares in companies that the United States Department of Defense has listed as having links to the People's Liberation Army, which included CRRC.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup>
</p><p>In October 2022, the United States Department of Defense added CRRC to a list of "Chinese military companies" operating in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-47">[47]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="EU_investigation">EU investigation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: EU investigation"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In February 2024, the European Union launched an investigation into CRRC for allegedly using state subsidies to undercut European suppliers.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-48">[48]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Shareholders">Shareholders</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Shareholders"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>As of 31 December 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, CRRC was majority owned by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a> directly and indirectly (via CRRC Financial and Securities Investment, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中车金证投资</span> for 1.64%<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-49">[49]</a></sup>) for 55.91% of total share capital (all in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-share_(mainland_China)" title="A-share (mainland China)">A share</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 85">: 85 </span></sup> Other state-owned entities of the central government, such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Securities_Finance" title="China Securities Finance">China Securities Finance</a> (2.87%) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Huijin_Investment" title="Central Huijin Investment">Central Huijin Investment</a> (1.12%), also owned a minority stake.<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83">: 83 </span></sup> In terms of different shares, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackRock" title="BlackRock">BlackRock</a> owned 6.13% <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H_share" title="H share">H shares</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_(finance)" title="Long (finance)">long position</a> (267,971,072 number of shares), or 0.98% in terms of total share capital.<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 85">: 85 </span></sup> Himalaya Capital Investors, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> based mutual fund also owned about 6.13% H shares in long position (267,904,000 number of shares).<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-50">[50]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-11" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 85">: 85 </span></sup> Other shareholders each owned less than 1% shares in terms of total share capital.<sup id="cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-12" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83–85">: 83–85 </span></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="CRRC_Sifang_America">CRRC Sifang America</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: CRRC Sifang America"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">CRRC Sifang America</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;">Subsidiary</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stock" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolling Stock">Rolling Stock</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">2019<span class="noprint">; 5 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2019</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Products</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000-series_(CTA)" title="7000-series (CTA)">CTA 7000-series</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>$21.4 million</span> (20??)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">46,062,360,000 renminbi (2018) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026?uselang=en#P3362" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">12,998,507,000 renminbi (2018) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026?uselang=en#P2295" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">357,523,050,000 renminbi (2018) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026?uselang=en#P2403" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">200</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">CRRC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crrcsifangamerica.com/">www<wbr>.crrcsifangamerica<wbr>.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Subsidiaries"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Locomotive">Locomotive</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Locomotive"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Beijing_Locomotive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Beijing Locomotive (page does not exist)">CRRC Beijing Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Datong_Electric_Locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Datong Electric Locomotive">CRRC Datong Electric Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Qishuyan_Locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive">CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Luoyang_Locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Luoyang Locomotive">CRRC Luoyang Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Xiangfan_Locomotive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Xiangfan Locomotive (page does not exist)">CRRC Xiangfan Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Zhuzhou_Locomotive" title="CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive">CRRC Zhuzhou [Electric] Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Ziyang_Locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Ziyang Locomotive">CRRC Ziyang Locomotive</a></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Rolling_Stock">Rolling Stock</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Rolling Stock"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_February_7_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC February 7 Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC February 7 Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Qiqihar_Railway_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock</a>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Harbin_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Harbin Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Harbin Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">大连中车大齐车辆</span>; <abbr title="Literal translation"><small>lit.</small></abbr> 'Dalian CRRC Daqi Railway Rolling Stock'</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Meishan_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Meishan Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Meishan Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Nanjing_Puzhen_Rolling_Stock" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock">CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Shijiazhuang_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Shijiazhuang Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Shijiazhuang Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Taiyuan_Railway_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Taiyuan Railway Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Taiyuan Railway Rolling Stock</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Yangtze_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Yangtze Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Yangtze Rolling Stock</a>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Xi%27an_Railway_Rolling_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Xi'an Railway Rolling Stock (page does not exist)">CRRC Xi'an Railway Rolling Stock</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">
<h3><span id="Locomotive_.26_Rolling_Stock"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Locomotive_&_Rolling_Stock">Locomotive & Rolling Stock</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Locomotive & Rolling Stock"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Chengdu" title="CRRC Chengdu">CRRC Chengdu</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Dalian" title="CRRC Dalian">CRRC Dalian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang">CRRC Qingdao Sifang</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Tangshan" title="CRRC Tangshan">CRRC Tangshan</a></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Other">Other</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Other"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Beijing_Nankou_Railway_Transportation_Machinery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Beijing Nankou Railway Transportation Machinery (page does not exist)">CRRC Beijing Nankou Railway Transportation Machinery</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Changchun_Railway_Vehicles" title="CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles">CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Dalian_Locomotive_Research_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute (page does not exist)">CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Jinan_Railway_Vehicles_Equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="CRRC Jinan Railway Vehicles Equipment">CRRC Jinan Railway Vehicles Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Guangdong_Railway_Vehicles_Equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Guangdong Railway Vehicles Equipment (page does not exist)">CRRC Guangdong Railway Vehicles Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang_Rolling_Stock_Research_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute (page does not exist)">CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Lanzhou_Locomotive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Lanzhou Locomotive (page does not exist)">CRRC Lanzhou Locomotive</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Shijiazhuang_Guoxiang_Transportation_Equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Shijiazhuang Guoxiang Transportation Equipment (page does not exist)">CRRC Shijiazhuang Guoxiang Transportation Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Tangshan_Railway_Transportation_Equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Tangshan Railway Transportation Equipment (page does not exist)">CRRC Tangshan Railway Transportation Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Tianjin_Railway_Transport_Equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Tianjin Railway Transport Equipment (page does not exist)">CRRC Tianjin Railway Transport Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Yongji_Xinshisu_Electric_Equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Yongji Xinshisu Electric Equipment (page does not exist)">CRRC Yongji Xinshisu Electric Equipment</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC_Zhuzhou_Electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRRC Zhuzhou Electric (page does not exist)">CRRC Zhuzhou Electric</a></li>
<li>CRRC Zhuzhou Institute (former Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute) (100%)</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuzhou_CRRC_Times_Electric" title="Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric">Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric</a> (51.81%)</li></ul>
</td>
<td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Joint_venture">Joint venture</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Joint venture"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Sifang_Transportation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombardier Sifang Transportation (page does not exist)">Bombardier Sifang Transportation</a></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Overseas">Overseas</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Overseas"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Massachusetts" title="CRRC Massachusetts">CRRC Massachusetts</a></li>
<li>CRRC Sifang America</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynex_Semiconductor" title="Dynex Semiconductor">Dynex Semiconductor</a> (United Kingdom)<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-52">[nb 1]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emprendimientos_Ferroviarios" title="Emprendimientos Ferroviarios">Emprendimientos Ferroviarios</a> (Argentina)</li>
<li>CRRC Kuala Lumpur Maintenance Sdn. Bhd. (Malaysia)</li>
<li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vossloh#Vossloh_Locomotives" class="extiw" title="de:Vossloh">Vossloh Locomotives (Germany)</a> </li></ul>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_investments">Other investments</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Other investments"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>On 8 January 2016 CRRC Corporation purchased 13.06% stake of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_United_Insurance_Holding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China United Insurance Holding (page does not exist)">China United Insurance Holding</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中华保险</span>) from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Insurance_Regulatory_Commission" title="China Insurance Regulatory Commission">China Insurance Security Fund</a> for CN¥4.455 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-53">[52]</a></sup> It also joint-owned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuzhou_Times_New_Material_Technology" title="Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology">Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology</a> with parent company <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a>.
</p><p>In November 2016 the company (via <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Zhuzhou_Locomotive" title="CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive">CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive</a>) confirmed plans to buy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Transportation" title="Škoda Transportation">Škoda Transportation</a> based in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-54">[53]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-55">[54]</a></sup> The deal eventually did not go through.
</p><p>On 1st March 2024, CRRC 40% with Grupo Comporte 60% entered at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trens_Intercidades" title="Trens Intercidades">Trens Intercidades</a> Proposal with the possibility to deliver 22 inter-city trains, to be used from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luz_Station" title="Luz Station">Luz Station</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campinas" title="Campinas">Campinas</a> since supposidelly 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_note-56">[55]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: See also"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_China" title="High-speed rail in China">High-speed rail in China</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Notes"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-52" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Subsidiary of Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1011085734"><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-rgi20150602-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-rgi20150602_1-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-rgi20150602_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133582631">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200212233640/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/chinese-rolling-stock-manufacturers-merge-to-form-crrc-corp.html">"Chinese rolling stock manufacturers merge to form CRRC Corp"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette International</i>. 2 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/chinese-rolling-stock-manufacturers-merge-to-form-crrc-corp.html">the original</a> on 12 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.atitle=Chinese+rolling+stock+manufacturers+merge+to+form+CRRC+Corp&rft.date=2015-06-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fchinese-rolling-stock-manufacturers-merge-to-form-crrc-corp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-senior2015-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-senior2015_2-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-senior2015_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/people/single-view/view/senior-roles-filled-at-crrc.html">"Senior roles filled at CRRC"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette</i>. 25 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160225072042/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/people/single-view/view/senior-roles-filled-at-crrc.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette&rft.atitle=Senior+roles+filled+at+CRRC&rft.date=2015-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fsenior-roles-filled-at-crrc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-CRRC2016AR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-CRRC2016AR_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/SEHK/2017/0427/LTN201704272466.pdf">"2016 Annual Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. CRRC. 27 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2017</span> – via Hong Kong Stock Exchange.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+Annual+Report&rft.pub=CRRC&rft.date=2017-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkexnews.hk%2Flistedco%2Flistconews%2FSEHK%2F2017%2F0427%2FLTN201704272466.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-director1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-director1_4-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-director1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/SEHK/2017/0620/LTN20170620715.pdf">"List of Directors and their Role and Function"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>CRRC</i>. Hong Kong Stock Exchange. 20 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CRRC&rft.atitle=List+of+Directors+and+their+Role+and+Function&rft.date=2017-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkexnews.hk%2Flistedco%2Flistconews%2FSEHK%2F2017%2F0620%2FLTN20170620715.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-5" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crrcgc.cc/g5080.aspx">"股份领导"</a> (in Chinese). CRRC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170611214801/http://www.crrcgc.cc/g5080.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&rft.pub=CRRC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crrcgc.cc%2Fg5080.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-6" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-20/france-raises-pressure-on-vestager-to-allow-siemens-alstom-deal">"Siemens-Alstom Deal Teeters on Brink Amid Fierce Lobbying"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. 20 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190611112615/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-20/france-raises-pressure-on-vestager-to-allow-siemens-alstom-deal">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Siemens-Alstom+Deal+Teeters+on+Brink+Amid+Fierce+Lobbying&rft.date=2019-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-01-20%2Ffrance-raises-pressure-on-vestager-to-allow-siemens-alstom-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-7" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSmith" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Kevin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/blogs/kevin-smith/will-alstom-siemens-merger-check-crrcs-international-expansion.html">"Will Alstom-Siemens merger check CRRC's international expansion?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170929091055/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/blogs/kevin-smith/will-alstom-siemens-merger-check-crrcs-international-expansion.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Will+Alstom-Siemens+merger+check+CRRC%27s+international+expansion%3F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fblogs%2Fkevin-smith%2Fwill-alstom-siemens-merger-check-crrcs-international-expansion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-04/european-champions-may-yet-rise-from-the-siemens-alstom-rubble">"Siemens-Alstom's Expected EU Veto Unleashes Political Storm"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. 4 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190207022454/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-04/european-champions-may-yet-rise-from-the-siemens-alstom-rubble">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-02-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Siemens-Alstom%27s+Expected+EU+Veto+Unleashes+Political+Storm&rft.date=2019-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-02-04%2Feuropean-champions-may-yet-rise-from-the-siemens-alstom-rubble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-nyt20141230-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-nyt20141230_9-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150619134349/http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2014/12/30/world/asia/ap-as-china-railway-merger.html?_r=0">"China's Top 2 Makers of Bullet Trains Merge"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. 30 December 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2014/12/30/world/asia/ap-as-china-railway-merger.html?_r=0">the original</a> on 19 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=China%27s+Top+2+Makers+of+Bullet+Trains+Merge&rft.date=2014-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Faponline%2F2014%2F12%2F30%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fap-as-china-railway-merger.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-10" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%BB%84%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6%E8%BD%A6%E8%BE%86%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E5%A4%8D" class="extiw" title="wikisource:zh:国务院关于组建中国北方机车车辆工业集团公司有关问题的批复">wikisource:zh:国务院关于组建中国北方机车车辆工业集团公司有关问题的批复</a> (in Chinese)</span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160509094428/http://en.chinacnr.com/Portals/0/LTN20150518007.pdf">"CSR and CNR Joint Announcement"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chinacnr.com/Portals/0/LTN20150518007.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CSR+and+CNR+Joint+Announcement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.chinacnr.com%2FPortals%2F0%2FLTN20150518007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-12" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160509235328/http://en.chinacnr.com/Portals/0/LTN201504271770.pdf">"CSR and CNR Joint Announcement Update"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chinacnr.com/Portals/0/LTN201504271770.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CSR+and+CNR+Joint+Announcement+Update&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.chinacnr.com%2FPortals%2F0%2FLTN201504271770.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-rgi20141231-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-rgi20141231_13-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724112101/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/cnr-and-csr-agree-merger-terms.html">"CNR and CSR agree merger terms"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette International</i>. 31 December 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/cnr-and-csr-agree-merger-terms.html">the original</a> on 24 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.atitle=CNR+and+CSR+agree+merger+terms&rft.date=2014-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fcnr-and-csr-agree-merger-terms.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-irjoct2014-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-irjoct2014_14-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBarrow2014" class="citation web cs1">Barrow, Keith (22 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/north-america/cnr-selected-to-supply-new-trains-for-boston.html">"CNR selected to supply new trains for Boston"</a>. <i>International Railway Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Railway+Journal&rft.atitle=CNR+selected+to+supply+new+trains+for+Boston&rft.date=2014-10-22&rft.aulast=Barrow&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fnorth-america%2Fcnr-selected-to-supply-new-trains-for-boston.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-rgplant2014-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-rgplant2014_15-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170620125228/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/crrc-launches-construction-of-us-assembly-plant.html">"Groundbreaking ceremony for CRRC's US assembly plant"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette</i>. 4 September 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/crrc-launches-construction-of-us-assembly-plant.html">the original</a> on 20 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette&rft.atitle=Groundbreaking+ceremony+for+CRRC%27s+US+assembly+plant&rft.date=2015-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fcrrc-launches-construction-of-us-assembly-plant.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-16" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.masslive.com/business-news/index.ssf/2018/04/first_t_car_shells_arrive_at_crrc_execs.html">"First Orange Line T car shells arrive at CRRC factory in Springfield"</a>. <i>masslive</i>. Apr 11, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720110129/https://www.masslive.com/business-news/index.ssf/2018/04/first_t_car_shells_arrive_at_crrc_execs.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=masslive&rft.atitle=First+Orange+Line+T+car+shells+arrive+at+CRRC+factory+in+Springfield&rft.date=2018-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.masslive.com%2Fbusiness-news%2Findex.ssf%2F2018%2F04%2Ffirst_t_car_shells_arrive_at_crrc_execs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-irjjul2015-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-irjjul2015_17-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBarrow2015" class="citation web cs1">Barrow, Keith (13 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/asia/crrc-opens-malaysian-rolling-stock-plant.html">"CRRC opens Malaysian rolling stock plant"</a>. <i>International Railway Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Railway+Journal&rft.atitle=CRRC+opens+Malaysian+rolling+stock+plant&rft.date=2015-07-13&rft.aulast=Barrow&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fasia%2Fcrrc-opens-malaysian-rolling-stock-plant.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-arg1-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-arg1_18-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enelsubte.com/noticias/csr-adquiere-emfer-y-desembarca-la-argentina-3063/">"CSR adquiere EMFER y desembarca en la Argentina"</a>. <i>En El Subte</i> (in Spanish). 26 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=En+El+Subte&rft.atitle=CSR+adquiere+EMFER+y+desembarca+en+la+Argentina&rft.date=2014-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenelsubte.com%2Fnoticias%2Fcsr-adquiere-emfer-y-desembarca-la-argentina-3063%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-arg2-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-arg2_19-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-arg2_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181203023535/https://www.lanacion.com.ar/1941835-una-empresa-china-quiere-instalarse-en-la-argentina-para-fabricar-vagones">"Una empresa china quiere instalarse en la Argentina para fabricar vagones"</a>. <i>La Nacion</i>. 27 September 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1941835-una-empresa-china-quiere-instalarse-en-la-argentina-para-fabricar-vagones">the original</a> on 3 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Nacion&rft.atitle=Una+empresa+china+quiere+instalarse+en+la+Argentina+para+fabricar+vagones&rft.date=2016-09-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.com.ar%2F1941835-una-empresa-china-quiere-instalarse-en-la-argentina-para-fabricar-vagones&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-20" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cronista.com/economiapolitica/Dietrich-acordo-con-gigante-ferroviario-chino-instalar-taller-en-el-pais-20160928-0078.html">"Dietrich acordó con gigante ferroviario chino instalar taller en el país"</a>. <i>El Cronista</i> (in Spanish). 28 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Cronista&rft.atitle=Dietrich+acord%C3%B3+con+gigante+ferroviario+chino+instalar+taller+en+el+pa%C3%ADs&rft.date=2016-09-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cronista.com%2Feconomiapolitica%2FDietrich-acordo-con-gigante-ferroviario-chino-instalar-taller-en-el-pais-20160928-0078.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-21" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enelsubte.com/noticias/crrc-reitera-sus-intenciones-de-instalarse-en-la-argentina/">"CRRC reitera sus intenciones de instalarse en la Argentina"</a>. <i>EnElSubte</i> (in European Spanish). 30 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EnElSubte&rft.atitle=CRRC+reitera+sus+intenciones+de+instalarse+en+la+Argentina&rft.date=2016-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenelsubte.com%2Fnoticias%2Fcrrc-reitera-sus-intenciones-de-instalarse-en-la-argentina%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-22" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enelsubte.com/noticias/compran-200-coches-electricos-adicionales-para-la-linea-roca/">"Compran 200 coches eléctricos adicionales para la línea Roca"</a>. <i>enelSubte.com</i> (in European Spanish). 4 January 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180110184944/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/compran-200-coches-electricos-adicionales-para-la-linea-roca/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=enelSubte.com&rft.atitle=Compran+200+coches+el%C3%A9ctricos+adicionales+para+la+l%C3%ADnea+Roca&rft.date=2018-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenelsubte.com%2Fnoticias%2Fcompran-200-coches-electricos-adicionales-para-la-linea-roca%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-wilminton2015-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-wilminton2015_23-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200124183403/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/chinese-manufacturer-invests-in-us-wagon-venture.html">"Chinese manufacturer invests in US wagon venture"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette</i>. 6 July 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/chinese-manufacturer-invests-in-us-wagon-venture.html">the original</a> on 24 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette&rft.atitle=Chinese+manufacturer+invests+in+US+wagon+venture&rft.date=2015-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fchinese-manufacturer-invests-in-us-wagon-venture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-24" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wilmingtonbiz.com/more_news/2015/06/19/vertex%C3%83%C2%A2%C3%A2%E2%80%9A%C2%AC%C3%8B%E2%80%A0signs_of_growth_or_trouble/13446">"Vertex: Signs Of Growth Or Trouble?"</a>. Wilmington Business Journal. 19 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170105065526/http://www.wilmingtonbiz.com/more_news/2015/06/19/vertex%C3%83%C2%A2%C3%A2%E2%80%9A%C2%AC%C3%8B%E2%80%A0signs_of_growth_or_trouble/13446">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vertex%3A+Signs+Of+Growth+Or+Trouble%3F&rft.pub=Wilmington+Business+Journal&rft.date=2015-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wilmingtonbiz.com%2Fmore_news%2F2015%2F06%2F19%2Fvertex%25C3%2583%25C2%25A2%25C3%25A2%25E2%2580%259A%25C2%25AC%25C3%258B%25E2%2580%25A0signs_of_growth_or_trouble%2F13446&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-wilminton2016-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-wilminton2016_25-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113231159/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/us-chinese-joint-venture-delivers-first-wagons.html">"US-Chinese joint venture delivers first wagons"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette</i>. 22 January 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/us-chinese-joint-venture-delivers-first-wagons.html">the original</a> on 13 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette&rft.atitle=US-Chinese+joint+venture+delivers+first+wagons&rft.date=2016-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fus-chinese-joint-venture-delivers-first-wagons.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sno-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-sno_26-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-sno_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.starnewsonline.com/news/20161214/vertexs-deal-with-china-cleared-by-feds">"Vertex's deal with China cleared by Feds"</a>. Star-News Online. 14 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vertex%27s+deal+with+China+cleared+by+Feds&rft.pub=Star-News+Online&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.starnewsonline.com%2Fnews%2F20161214%2Fvertexs-deal-with-china-cleared-by-feds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-27" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moran.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/6/d/6d4f64f1-6129-4c75-99b8-6eff6874b42d/92FCFF776C1C8DE429273D4B2C830622.09.28.2016-to-treasury-secretary-lew-re-cfius-investigation-on-vertex.pdf">"Letter to Treasury Secretary Lew regarding CFIUS investigation on Vertex"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Sen. Jerry Moran. 29 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170413081249/https://www.moran.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/6/d/6d4f64f1-6129-4c75-99b8-6eff6874b42d/92FCFF776C1C8DE429273D4B2C830622.09.28.2016-to-treasury-secretary-lew-re-cfius-investigation-on-vertex.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 13 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letter+to+Treasury+Secretary+Lew+regarding+CFIUS+investigation+on+Vertex&rft.pub=Sen.+Jerry+Moran&rft.date=2017-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moran.senate.gov%2Fpublic%2F_cache%2Ffiles%2F6%2Fd%2F6d4f64f1-6129-4c75-99b8-6eff6874b42d%2F92FCFF776C1C8DE429273D4B2C830622.09.28.2016-to-treasury-secretary-lew-re-cfius-investigation-on-vertex.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-bloom2015-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-bloom2015_28-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFCao2015" class="citation web cs1">Cao, Bonnie (10 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-10/china-trainmaker-crrc-plans-to-double-overseas-sales-in-5-years">"China Trainmaker CRRC Plans to Double Its Overseas Sales"</a>. <i>Bloomberg L.P</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306220315/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-10/china-trainmaker-crrc-plans-to-double-overseas-sales-in-5-years">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+L.P.&rft.atitle=China+Trainmaker+CRRC+Plans+to+Double+Its+Overseas+Sales&rft.date=2015-09-10&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=Bonnie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2015-09-10%2Fchina-trainmaker-crrc-plans-to-double-overseas-sales-in-5-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-irjprofit2015-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-irjprofit2015_29-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBriginshaw2015" class="citation web cs1">Briginshaw, David (1 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/financial/crrc-first-half-profits-up-while-overseas-revenue-soars.html">"CRRC first-half profits up while overseas revenue soars"</a>. <i>International Railway Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Railway+Journal&rft.atitle=CRRC+first-half+profits+up+while+overseas+revenue+soars&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.aulast=Briginshaw&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Ffinancial%2Fcrrc-first-half-profits-up-while-overseas-revenue-soars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-30" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBarrow2016" class="citation web cs1">Barrow, Keith (9 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/north-america/crrc-to-build-up-to-846-metro-cars-for-chicago.html">"CRRC to build up to 846 metro cars for Chicago"</a>. <i>www.railjournal.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.railjournal.com&rft.atitle=CRRC+to+build+up+to+846+metro+cars+for+Chicago&rft.date=2016-03-09&rft.aulast=Barrow&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fnorth-america%2Fcrrc-to-build-up-to-846-metro-cars-for-chicago.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-31" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211100508/http://www.reuters.com/article/crrc-usa-idUSL5N16I0LS">"China's CRRC wins $1.3 bln deal to supply Chicago rail cars"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 10 March 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/crrc-usa-idUSL5N16I0LS">the original</a> on 11 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+CRRC+wins+%241.3+bln+deal+to+supply+Chicago+rail+cars&rft.date=2016-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fcrrc-usa-idUSL5N16I0LS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-crrcgc.cc-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-crrcgc.cc_32-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-crrcgc.cc_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crrcgc.cc/ma">"CRRC MA CORPORATION > Home"</a>. <i>www.crrcgc.cc</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.crrcgc.cc&rft.atitle=CRRC+MA+CORPORATION+%3E+Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crrcgc.cc%2Fma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-33" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railjournal.com/rolling-stock/crrc-puts-septa-double-deck-coach-design-to-the-test/">"CRRC puts Septa double-deck coach design to the test"</a>. April 11, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190922030559/https://www.railjournal.com/rolling-stock/crrc-puts-septa-double-deck-coach-design-to-the-test/">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CRRC+puts+Septa+double-deck+coach+design+to+the+test&rft.date=2018-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Frolling-stock%2Fcrrc-puts-septa-double-deck-coach-design-to-the-test%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-34" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSaska2017" class="citation web cs1">Saska, Jim (17 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://planphilly.com/articles/2017/03/17/septa-to-pick-massachusetts-based-company-to-build-bilevel-railcars-over-hyundai-rotem-in-south-philly">"SEPTA to pick Massachusetts-based company to build bilevel railcars over Hyundai Rotem in South Philly"</a>. <i>PlanPhilly</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320053911/http://planphilly.com/articles/2017/03/17/septa-to-pick-massachusetts-based-company-to-build-bilevel-railcars-over-hyundai-rotem-in-south-philly">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PlanPhilly&rft.atitle=SEPTA+to+pick+Massachusetts-based+company+to+build+bilevel+railcars+over+Hyundai+Rotem+in+South+Philly&rft.date=2017-03-17&rft.aulast=Saska&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplanphilly.com%2Farticles%2F2017%2F03%2F17%2Fsepta-to-pick-massachusetts-based-company-to-build-bilevel-railcars-over-hyundai-rotem-in-south-philly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-35" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.progressiverailroading.com/mechanical/news/LA-Metro-inks-pact-with-CRRC-for-up-to-282-new-rail-cars--51154">"L.A. Metro inks pact with CRRC for up to 282 new rail cars"</a>. Progressive Railroading. 24 March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170324221721/http://www.progressiverailroading.com/mechanical/news/LA-Metro-inks-pact-with-CRRC-for-up-to-282-new-rail-cars--51154">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L.A.+Metro+inks+pact+with+CRRC+for+up+to+282+new+rail+cars&rft.pub=Progressive+Railroading&rft.date=2017-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.progressiverailroading.com%2Fmechanical%2Fnews%2FLA-Metro-inks-pact-with-CRRC-for-up-to-282-new-rail-cars--51154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-36" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/01/04/opinion/factory-thats-building-new-mbta-rail-cars-is-hot-mess/">Has the company building MBTA trains ‘completely abandoned its core responsibilities’?</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-37" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/01/14/metro/workers-building-new-orange-red-line-cars-springfield-describe-toxic-error-prone-factory/">Workers building the new Orange and Red Line cars in Springfield describe a toxic, error-prone factory</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-38" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160724185631/http://amabhungane.co.za/article/2016-06-19-guptas-r51bn-train-grab">"amaBhungane - Guptas' R51bn train grab"</a>. <i>amabhungane.co.za</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amabhungane.co.za/article/2016-06-19-guptas-r51bn-train-grab">the original</a> on 2016-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amabhungane.co.za&rft.atitle=amaBhungane+-+Guptas%27+R51bn+train+grab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famabhungane.co.za%2Farticle%2F2016-06-19-guptas-r51bn-train-grab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-39" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSOLE" class="citation web cs1">SOLE, STEFAANS BRÜMMER and SAM. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeslive.co.za/sundaytimes/stnews/investigations/2016/06/19/The-Guptas-R51bn-train-grab">"The Guptas' R51bn train grab"</a>. <i>Sunday Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=The+Guptas%27+R51bn+train+grab&rft.aulast=SOLE&rft.aufirst=STEFAANS+BR%C3%9CMMER+and+SAM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeslive.co.za%2Fsundaytimes%2Fstnews%2Finvestigations%2F2016%2F06%2F19%2FThe-Guptas-R51bn-train-grab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-40" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFCameron2019" class="citation web cs1">Cameron, Jackie (2019-07-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biznews.com/global-citizen/2019/07/31/hsbc-joins-dots-from-gupta-friendly-public-protector-to-chinese-rail-company-kickbacks">"HSBC joins dots from Gupta-friendly public protector to Chinese rail company kickbacks"</a>. <i>BizNews.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BizNews.com&rft.atitle=HSBC+joins+dots+from+Gupta-friendly+public+protector+to+Chinese+rail+company+kickbacks&rft.date=2019-07-31&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Jackie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biznews.com%2Fglobal-citizen%2F2019%2F07%2F31%2Fhsbc-joins-dots-from-gupta-friendly-public-protector-to-chinese-rail-company-kickbacks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-41" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-07-30-5000-payment-to-mkhwebane-flagged-by-hsbc-bank-report/">"$5,000 payment to Mkhwebane flagged by HSBC bank: report"</a>. <i>TimesLIVE</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TimesLIVE&rft.atitle=%245%2C000+payment+to+Mkhwebane+flagged+by+HSBC+bank%3A+report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeslive.co.za%2Fpolitics%2F2019-07-30-5000-payment-to-mkhwebane-flagged-by-hsbc-bank-report%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-42" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBrümmer2020" class="citation web cs1">Brümmer, Stefaans (2020-12-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-12-04-at-a-minute-to-midnight-sars-tries-to-secure-r4bn-state-capture-loot/">"amaBhungane: At a minute to midnight SARS tries to secure R4bn State Capture loot"</a>. <i>Daily Maverick</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Maverick&rft.atitle=amaBhungane%3A+At+a+minute+to+midnight+SARS+tries+to+secure+R4bn+State+Capture+loot&rft.date=2020-12-04&rft.aulast=Br%C3%BCmmer&rft.aufirst=Stefaans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymaverick.co.za%2Farticle%2F2020-12-04-at-a-minute-to-midnight-sars-tries-to-secure-r4bn-state-capture-loot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-43" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFAllen-Ebrahimian2020" class="citation news cs1">Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (June 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/defense-department-chinese-military-linked-companies-856b9315-48d2-4aec-b932-97b8f29a4d40.html">"Defense Department produces list of Chinese military-linked companies"</a>. <i>Axios</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200625220923/https://www.axios.com/defense-department-chinese-military-linked-companies-856b9315-48d2-4aec-b932-97b8f29a4d40.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Defense+Department+produces+list+of+Chinese+military-linked+companies&rft.date=2020-06-24&rft.aulast=Allen-Ebrahimian&rft.aufirst=Bethany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Fdefense-department-chinese-military-linked-companies-856b9315-48d2-4aec-b932-97b8f29a4d40.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-44" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFChen2020" class="citation news cs1">Chen, Shawna (November 12, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/china-military-trump-investments-ban-a0458e29-2245-4bde-920b-d1c6bc698370.html">"Trump bans Americans from investing in 31 companies with links to Chinese military"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axios_(website)" title="Axios (website)">Axios</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Trump+bans+Americans+from+investing+in+31+companies+with+links+to+Chinese+military&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Shawna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Fchina-military-trump-investments-ban-a0458e29-2245-4bde-920b-d1c6bc698370.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-45" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFPamukAlperAli2020" class="citation news cs1">Pamuk, Humeyra; Alper, Alexandra; Ali, Idrees (2020-11-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201113055456/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-china-securities-exclusive-idUSKBN27S2X3">"Trump bans U.S. investments in firms linked to Chinese military"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-china-securities-exclusive-idUSKBN27S2X3">the original</a> on 2020-11-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Trump+bans+U.S.+investments+in+firms+linked+to+Chinese+military&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft.aulast=Pamuk&rft.aufirst=Humeyra&rft.au=Alper%2C+Alexandra&rft.au=Ali%2C+Idrees&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-china-securities-exclusive-idUSKBN27S2X3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-46" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSwanson2020" class="citation news cs1">Swanson, Ana (2020-11-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/12/business/economy/trump-china-investment-ban.html">"Trump Bars Investment in Chinese Firms With Military Ties"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Bars+Investment+in+Chinese+Firms+With+Military+Ties&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Swanson&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F11%2F12%2Fbusiness%2Feconomy%2Ftrump-china-investment-ban.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-47" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/3180636/dod-releases-list-of-peoples-republic-of-china-prc-military-companies-in-accord">"DOD Releases List of People's Republic of China (PRC) Military Companies in Accordance With Section 1260H of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Defense">U.S. Department of Defense</a></i>. 2022-10-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+Defense&rft.atitle=DOD+Releases+List+of+People%27s+Republic+of+China+%28PRC%29+Military+Companies+in+Accordance+With+Section+1260H+of+the+National+Defense+Authorization+Act+for+Fiscal+Year+2021&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gov%2FNews%2FReleases%2FRelease%2FArticle%2F3180636%2Fdod-releases-list-of-peoples-republic-of-china-prc-military-companies-in-accord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-49" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stock.qq.com/a/20170803/048739.htm">"南车投资向中车金证无偿划转中国中车(01766)0.32%股本"</a>. <i>智通财经网</i> (in Chinese). 3 August 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044031/http://stock.qq.com/a/20170803/048739.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2017</span> – via qq.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%99%BA%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A2%E7%BB%8F%E7%BD%91&rft.atitle=%E5%8D%97%E8%BD%A6%E6%8A%95%E8%B5%84%E5%90%91%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%A6%E9%87%91%E8%AF%81%E6%97%A0%E5%81%BF%E5%88%92%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%A6%2801766%290.32%25%E8%82%A1%E6%9C%AC&rft.date=2017-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstock.qq.com%2Fa%2F20170803%2F048739.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-50" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.himalayacapital.com/index.htm">"About our investing philosophy"</a>. <i>himalayacapital.com</i>. Himalaya Capital. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140817/http://www.himalayacapital.com/index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=himalayacapital.com&rft.atitle=About+our+investing+philosophy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.himalayacapital.com%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-51" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crrcgc.cc/lz/g9363.aspx">"中车兰州机车有限公司 > 关于我们 > 公司简介"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%A6%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8+%3E+%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC+%3E+%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crrcgc.cc%2Flz%2Fg9363.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-53" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crrcgc.cc/Portals/73/Uploads/Files/2016/1-11/635881025282842048.pdf">"Acquisition of 13.06% Equity Interests in China United Insurance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Press release). CRRC. 8 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Acquisition+of+13.06%25+Equity+Interests+in+China+United+Insurance&rft.pub=CRRC&rft.date=2016-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crrcgc.cc%2FPortals%2F73%2FUploads%2FFiles%2F2016%2F1-11%2F635881025282842048.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-54" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/crrc-confirms-plan-to-buy-skoda-transportation.html">"CRRC confirms plan to buy Škoda Transportation"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway_Gazette_International" title="Railway Gazette International">Railway Gazette International</a>. 30 November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170730003243/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/crrc-confirms-plan-to-buy-skoda-transportation.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CRRC+confirms+plan+to+buy+%C5%A0koda+Transportation&rft.pub=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.date=2016-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fcrrc-confirms-plan-to-buy-skoda-transportation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-55" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/SEHK/2016/1127/LTN20161127005.pdf">"ANNOUNCEMENT IN RELATION TO PROPOSED OFFSHORE ACQUISITION BY A SUBSIDIARY"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Press release). CRRC. 27 November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161207191100/http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2016/1127/LTN20161127005.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 7 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2017</span> – via Hong Kong Stock Exchange.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ANNOUNCEMENT+IN+RELATION+TO+PROPOSED+OFFSHORE+ACQUISITION+BY+A+SUBSIDIARY&rft.pub=CRRC&rft.date=2016-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkexnews.hk%2Flistedco%2Flistconews%2FSEHK%2F2016%2F1127%2FLTN20161127005.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC#cite_ref-56" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g1.globo.com/sp/campinas-regiao/noticia/2024/03/01/proximos-passos-tarifas-prazos-tudo-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-linhas-de-trens-leiloadas-em-sp.ghtml">"Linhas de trens leiloadas em SP na Bovespa ao Grupo Comporte"</a>. March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Linhas+de+trens+leiloadas+em+SP+na+Bovespa+ao+Grupo+Comporte&rft.date=2024-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Fsp%2Fcampinas-regiao%2Fnoticia%2F2024%2F03%2F01%2Fproximos-passos-tarifas-prazos-tudo-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-linhas-de-trens-leiloadas-em-sp.ghtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACRRC" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CRRC&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: External links"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:CRRC_Group" title="Template talk:CRRC Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="background:white; color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CRRC_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CRRC Group"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="background:white; color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CRRC_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Group" title="CRRC Group">CRRC Group</a></div></th></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:white; color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;;width:10em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CRRC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Changchun_Railway_Vehicles" title="CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles">CRRC Changchun</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Chengdu" title="CRRC Chengdu">CRRC Chengdu</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Dalian" title="CRRC Dalian">CRRC Dalian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Datong" title="CRRC Datong">CRRC Datong</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Luoyang" title="CRRC Luoyang">CRRC Luoyang</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Nanjing_Puzhen" title="CRRC Nanjing Puzhen">CRRC Nanjing Puzhen</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang">CRRC Qingdao Sifang</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Qishuyan" title="CRRC Qishuyan">CRRC Qishuyan</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Shandong" title="CRRC Shandong">CRRC Shandong</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Tangshan" title="CRRC Tangshan">CRRC Tangshan</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Zhuzhou_Locomotive" title="CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive">CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Ziyang" title="CRRC Ziyang">CRRC Ziyang</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuzhou_CRRC_Times_Electric" title="Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric">Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuzhou_Times_New_Material_Technology" title="Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology">Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRRC_Massachusetts" title="CRRC Massachusetts">CRRC Massachusetts</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:white; color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;;width:10em">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_CNR" title="China CNR">China CNR</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNR_Group" title="CNR Group">CNR Group</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Corporation_Limited" title="CSR Corporation Limited">CSR Corporation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSR_Group" title="CSR Group">CSR Group</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background:white; color:black; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #C60F0F, inset -1px -1px 0 #C60F0F;"><div>
<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"></span></span> <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CRRC_Group" title="Category:CRRC Group">Category</a></b></li>
<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/Commons-logo(1).svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:CRRC_Corporation" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:CRRC Corporation">Commons</a></b></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19840026#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="./CRRC - Wikipedia_files/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000405522051">ISNI</a></span></li></ul>
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Highest expansion depth: 24/100
Expensive parser function count: 8/500
Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20