gui.py

from algorithms.fcfs import fcfs
from algorithms.sjf_non_pre import sjf_non_pre
from algorithms.sjf_pre import sjf_pre
from algorithms.round_robin import round_robin
from algorithms.priority_non_pre import priority_non_pre
from algorithms.priority_queue_pre import priority_queue_pre
from algorithms.multi_level_feedback import multi_level_feedback
from algorithms.default_algorithm import default_algorithm
from algorithms.multi_level import multi_level
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
import webbrowser
import random

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Interactive CPU Scheduler")
size = "1150x500"
size_out = "1000x400"
root.geometry(size)

def algo(window, algorithm, queue, extra):
    def show_output(algorithm, output, default_output):
        def ret():
            top_out.grid_forget()
            top_def.grid_forget()
            label.grid_forget()
            def_label.grid_forget()
            button.grid_forget()
            output_win.destroy()
            
        output_win = tk.Toplevel()
        output_win.geometry(size)
        button = tk.Button(output_win, text="Go Back", command=ret, height=2, width=14)

        wait_time = output[0]
        response_time = output[1]
        turnaround_time = output[2]
        throughput = output[3]
        def_wait_time = default_output[0]
        def_response_time = default_output[1]
        def_turnaround_time = default_output[2]
        def_throughput = default_output[3]
        out = f"Average Waiting Time: {round(wait_time,2)}\n\nAverage Response Time: {round(response_time,2)}\n\nAverage Turnaround Time: {round(turnaround_time,2)}\n\nThroughput: {round(throughput,2)}"
        default_out = f"Average Waiting Time: {round(def_wait_time,2)}\n\nAverage Response Time: {round(def_response_time,2)}\n\nAverage Turnaround Time: {round(def_turnaround_time,2)}\n\nThroughput: {round(def_throughput,2)}"
        label = tk.Label(output_win, text=out, justify="left", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "normal"))
        def_label = tk.Label(output_win, text=default_out, justify="left", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "normal"))
        top_out = tk.Label(output_win, text=f"Selected Algorithm\n({algorithm})", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
        top_def = tk.Label(output_win, text="Default Algorithm", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
        t1 = tk.Label(output_win, text="Process ID", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
        t2 = tk.Label(output_win, text="Burst Time", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
        t3 = tk.Label(output_win, text="Arrival Time", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
        tk.Label(output_win, text="  ").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=60)
        t1.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=60, pady=20)
        t2.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=20)
        t3.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=60, pady=20)
        pri = [process[0] for process in queue]
        burst = [process[1] for process in queue]
        arriv = [process[2] for process in queue]
        for i in range(len(pri)):
            tk.Label(output_win, text=pri[i], font=("Times New Roman", 12, "normal")).grid(row=1+i, column=1)
            tk.Label(output_win, text=burst[i], font=("Times New Roman", 12, "normal")).grid(row=1+i, column=2)
            tk.Label(output_win, text=arriv[i], font=("Times New Roman", 12, "normal")).grid(row=1+i, column=3)
        top_out.grid(row=10, column=1, padx=60, pady=10)
        top_def.grid(row=10, column=3, padx=60)
        label.grid(row=11, column=1, padx=60)
        def_label.grid(row=11, column=3, padx=60)
        button.grid(row=12, column=2, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    if algorithm == "First Come First Serve":
        output = fcfs(queue)
    elif algorithm == "Shortest Job First Non Preemption":
        output = sjf_non_pre(queue)
    elif algorithm == "Shortest Remaining Time First":
        output = sjf_pre(queue)
    elif algorithm == "Round Robin":
        value = extra.get()
        output = round_robin(queue, value)
    elif algorithm == "Non Preemption Priority Queue":
        priorities = []
        for idx in extra:
            try:
                value = int(idx.get())
            except:
                messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are not integer.")
                return
            if not value:
                messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are blank.")
                return
            priorities.append(value)
        # if sorted(priorities) != sorted(list(set(priorities))):
        #     messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are not unique.")
        #     return
        output = priority_non_pre(queue, priorities)
    elif algorithm == "Preemption Priority Queue":
        priorities = []
        for idx in extra:
            try:
                value = int(idx.get())
            except:
                messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are not integer.")
                return
            if not value:
                messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are blank.")
                return
            priorities.append(value)
        # if sorted(priorities) != sorted(list(set(priorities))):
        #     messagebox.showerror("Invalid priorities found!", "One or more priorities are not unique.")
        #     return
        output = priority_queue_pre(queue, priorities)
    elif algorithm == "Multi Level Queue":
        pids = [inp[0] for inp in queue]
        multi_level_algorithms = [algori.get() for algori in extra[0]]
        quantums = [al[-1] for al in multi_level_algorithms if al[0] == "R"]
        quantums = list(map(int, quantums))
        if quantums != sorted(quantums):
            messagebox.showerror("Invalid time quantums found!", "Time Quantums should be in increasing order level-wise.")
            return
        processes = []
        total_processes = []
        for prid in extra[1]:
            level_wise_processes = []
            try:
                idx = [int(i) for i in prid.get().strip().split(",")]
            except:
                messagebox.showerror("Invalid Process ID(s) found!", "One or more process IDs are not integers.")
                return
            for j in idx:
                if j not in pids:
                    messagebox.showerror("Invalid Process ID(s) found!", "One or more process IDs do not exist in input process IDs.")
                    return
                for proc in queue:
                    if proc[0] == j:
                        for level in processes:
                            if proc in level:
                                messagebox.showerror("Invalid Process ID(s) found!", "One or more process IDs are repeated in different levels.")
                                return
                        for level_proc in level_wise_processes:
                            if proc == level_proc:
                                messagebox.showerror("Invalid Process ID(s) found!", "One or more process IDs are repeated in the same level.")
                                return
                        level_wise_processes.append(proc)
                        total_processes.append(proc)
            processes.append(level_wise_processes)
        left_out_pid = []
        for process in queue:
            if process not in total_processes:
                left_out_pid.append(process[0])
        if len(left_out_pid) > 0:
            messagebox.showinfo("Some processes left out!", f"These processes will not be considered as they were not an input ID to any level.\nProcess ID(s): {left_out_pid}")
        output = multi_level(multi_level_algorithms, processes)
    elif algorithm == "Multi Level Feedback Queue":
        threshold = extra[1].get()
        if not threshold or int(threshold) > 5 or int(threshold) < 1:
            messagebox.showerror("Invalid thresold found!", "Threshold should be an integer in range (1-5), and can not be empty.")
            return
        threshold = int(threshold)
        multi_level_algorithms = [algori.get() for algori in extra[0]]
        quantums = [al[-1] for al in multi_level_algorithms if al[0] == "R"]
        quantums = list(map(int, quantums))
        if quantums != sorted(quantums):
            messagebox.showerror("Invalid time quantums found!", "Time Quantums should be in increasing order level-wise.")
            return
        output = multi_level_feedback(queue, multi_level_algorithms, threshold)
    elif algorithm == "Default Algorithm":
        output = default_algorithm(queue)
    else:
        messagebox.showerror("Select Algorithm First!", "Click on Select Algorithm button before submitting.")
        return
    default_output = default_algorithm(queue)
    show_output(algorithm, output, default_output)


def goto_submission(second, queue):
    global submit
    global extra
    submit = None
    extra = None
    third = tk.Toplevel()
    second.withdraw()
    third.geometry(size)
    ids = [pri[0] for pri in queue]
    ids_stat = tk.Label(third, text=f"Process IDs: {ids}", relief=tk.SUNKEN, bd=2)
    sl = tk.Scale(third, from_=1, to=7, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
    pr = [process[0] for process in queue]
    pr_pris = [0 for i in pr]
    pr_idx = [0 for i in pr]    
    pr_title = tk.Label(third, text="Process ID:")
    pris_title = tk.Label(third, text="Priorities:")
    time_quantum = tk.Label(third, text="Time Quantum")
    feedback_label = tk.Label(third, text="Threshold (integer in range 1-5):")
    feedback_threshold = tk.Entry(third)
    for i in range(len(pr)):
        pr_idx[i] = tk.Label(third, text=pr[i])
        pr_pris[i] = tk.Entry(third)

    multi_algos = [[
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 2"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 3"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 4"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 5"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 6"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 7"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 8")
    ],[
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 2"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 3"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 4"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 5"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 6"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 7"),
        ("Round Robin with Time Quantum: 8")
    ], [
        ("First Come First Serve")
    ]]
        

    multi_level_algo_labels = []
    multi_level_algo_menus = []
    multi_level_algorithms = []
    multi_level_pr_labels = []
    multi_level_processes = []
    for level in range(3):
        multi_level_algo_labels.append(tk.Label(third, text=f"Level {level+1} Algorithm:"))  
        multi_level_pr_labels.append(tk.Label(third, text=f"Process IDs for {level+1} Level (separated by ','): "))
        multi_level_algorithms.append(tk.StringVar())
        multi_level_algorithms[level].set(multi_algos[level][0])
        multi_level_algo_menus.append(tk.OptionMenu(third, multi_level_algorithms[level], *multi_algos[level]))
        multi_level_processes.append(tk.Entry(third))

    def select_algo(algorithm):
        global submit
        global extra
        extra = None
        lab.config(text=op.get())
        def clear():
            sl.grid_forget()
            feedback_threshold.grid_forget()
            feedback_label.grid_forget()
            time_quantum.grid_forget()
            pr_title.grid_forget()
            pris_title.grid_forget()
            for i in range(len(pr)):
                pr_idx[i].grid_forget()
                pr_pris[i].grid_forget()
            for level in range(3):
                    multi_level_algo_labels[level].grid_forget()
                    multi_level_algo_menus[level].grid_forget()
                    multi_level_pr_labels[level].grid_forget()
                    multi_level_processes[level].grid_forget()
        clear()
        if algorithm == "Round Robin":
            sl.grid(row=20, column=1)
            extra = sl
            time_quantum.grid(row=21, column=1)
        elif algorithm == "Non Preemption Priority Queue" or algorithm == "Preemption Priority Queue":
            pr_title.grid(row=19, column=0)
            pris_title.grid(row=19, column=2)
            for i in range(len(pr)):
                pr_pris[i].delete(0, tk.END)
                pr_idx[i].grid(row=20+i, column=0)
                pr_pris[i].grid(row=20+i, column=2)
            extra = pr_pris
        elif algorithm == "Multi Level Queue":
            for level in range(3):
                    multi_level_algo_labels[level].grid(row=20+level, column=0)
                    multi_level_algo_menus[level].grid(row=20+level, column=2)
                    multi_level_algo_menus[level].config(height=1, width=40)
                    multi_level_pr_labels[level].grid(row=23+level, column=0)
                    multi_level_processes[level].grid(row=23+level, column=2)
            extra = [multi_level_algorithms, multi_level_processes]
        elif algorithm == "Multi Level Feedback Queue":
            for level in range(3):
                    multi_level_algo_labels[level].grid(row=20+level, column=0)
                    multi_level_algo_menus[level].grid(row=20+level, column=2)
                    multi_level_algo_menus[level].config(height=1, width=40)
            feedback_label.grid(row=23, column=0)
            feedback_threshold.grid(row=23, column=2)
            extra = [multi_level_algorithms, feedback_threshold]
        submit = algorithm
    lab = tk.Label(third)
    modes = [
        ("Default Algorithm"),
        ("First Come First Serve"),
        ("Shortest Job First Non Preemption"),
        ("Shortest Remaining Time First"),
        ("Round Robin"),
        ("Non Preemption Priority Queue"),
        ("Preemption Priority Queue"),
        ("Multi Level Queue"),
        ("Multi Level Feedback Queue")
    ]
    op = tk.StringVar()
    op.set("Default Algorithm")
    option = tk.OptionMenu(third, op, *modes)
    b = tk.Button(third, text="Select Algorithm", height=2, width=30, command=lambda: select_algo(op.get()))
    b1 = tk.Button(third, text="Go to Main", height=2, width=30, command=lambda:goto_main(third))
    b2 = tk.Button(third, text="Submit for Processing", height=2, width=30, command=lambda:algo(third, submit, queue, extra))
    option.config(height=1, width=40)
    option.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=60, pady=40)
    b.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=60, pady=30, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b1.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=60, pady=30, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b2.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=60, pady=30, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    lab.grid(row=3, column=1)
    ids_stat.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=90, sticky=tk.W+tk.E)

def goto_random_queue():
    second = tk.Toplevel()
    root.withdraw()
    second.geometry(size)
    def generate_random_queue(length):
            queue = []
            choices = list(range(0,10))
            row1 = 2
            random.shuffle(choices)
            for i in range(length):
                pid = choices.pop()
                burst_time = random.randint(1, 20)
                arr_time = random.randint(0, 20)
                m1 = tk.Label(second, text=pid, font=("Times New Roman", 18, "normal"))
                m2 = tk.Label(second, text=burst_time, font=("Times New Roman", 18, "normal"))
                m3 = tk.Label(second, text=arr_time, font=("Times New Roman", 18, "normal"))
                m1.grid(row=row1, column=0)
                m2.grid(row=row1, column=1)
                m3.grid(row=row1, column=2)
                row1+=1
                queue.append((pid, burst_time, arr_time))
            return queue
    random_queue = generate_random_queue(length=6)
    v = tk.Label(second, text="Your Queue is:", font=("New Times Roman", 25, "normal"))
    value1 = tk.Label(second, text="Process ID", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=1, column=0)
    value2 = tk.Label(second, text="Burst Time", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=1, column=1)
    value3 = tk.Label(second, text="Arrival Time", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=1, column=2)
    b1 = tk.Button(second, text="Go to Main", height=2, width=18, command=lambda: goto_main(second))
    b2 = tk.Button(second, text="Submit", height=2, width=18, command=lambda: goto_submission(second, random_queue))
    v.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=40, padx=250, columnspan=3)
    b1.grid(row=8, column=0, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=200, pady=70)
    b2.grid(row=8, column=2, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=200, pady=70)

def goto_main(second):
    root.deiconify()
    second.withdraw()


def goto_user_queue():
    second = tk.Toplevel()
    second.geometry(size)
    root.withdraw()
    e1 = tk.Entry(second)
    e2 = tk.Entry(second)
    e3 = tk.Entry(second)
    lab1 = tk.Label(second, text="Process ID:", font=("New Times Roman", 20, "normal"))
    lab2 = tk.Label(second, text="Burst Time:", font=("New Times Roman", 20, "normal"))
    lab3 = tk.Label(second, text="Arrival Time:", font=("New Times Roman", 20, "normal"))

    e1.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=115, pady=10, ipady=4, ipadx=2)
    e2.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=115, pady=10, ipady=4, ipadx=2)
    e3.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=115, pady=10, ipady=4, ipadx=2)
    lab1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=30, pady=30)
    lab2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=20, pady=30)
    lab3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=30, pady=30)

    global row
    row = 30
    global count
    count = 0
    queue = []
    def give_row():
        global row
        row += 1
        return row
    def add_process():
        global count
        count += 1
        try:
            pid = int(e1.get())
            burst_time = int(e2.get())
            arr_time = int(e3.get())
        except:
            messagebox.showerror("Invalid Input!", "One or more than one inputs aren't integers. Retry.")
            return
        user_process = (pid, burst_time, arr_time)
        for pr in queue:
            if user_process[0] == pr[0]:
                messagebox.showerror("Process IDs should be unique!", "You entered a Process ID which isn't unique.")
                e1.delete(0, tk.END)
                return
        if len(queue) > 6:
            messagebox.showwarning("Max Inputs Reached!", "User can input maximum of 7 processes.")
            return
        row1 = give_row()
        if count == 1:
            lab4 = tk.Label(second, text="Process ID", font=("New Times Roman", 10, "normal"))
            lab5 = tk.Label(second, text="Burst Time", font=("New Times Roman", 10, "normal"))
            lab6 = tk.Label(second, text="Arrival Time", font=("New Times Roman", 10, "normal"))
            lab4.grid(row=3, column=0, padx=30, pady=10)
            lab5.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=20, pady=10)
            lab6.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=30, pady=10)
        value1 = tk.Label(second, text = pid, font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=row1, column=0,)
        value2 = tk.Label(second, text=burst_time, font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=row1, column=1)
        value3 = tk.Label(second, text=arr_time, font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal")).grid(row=row1, column=2)
        queue.append(user_process)
        e1.delete(0, tk.END)
        e2.delete(0, tk.END)
        e3.delete(0, tk.END)
    count=0
    b1 = tk.Button(second, text="Go to Main", height=2, command=lambda:goto_main(second))
    b2 = tk.Button(second, text="Add Process", height=2,  command=add_process)
    b3 = tk.Button(second, text="Submit", height=2, command=lambda:goto_submission(second, queue))
    b1.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=50, pady=50, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b2.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=50, pady=50, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b3.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=50, pady=50, sticky=tk.NSEW)

def goto_about():
    about = tk.Toplevel()
    about.geometry(size_out)
    root.withdraw()
    def callback(event):
        webbrowser.open_new(event.widget.cget("text"))
    contact0 = "Aadit Agarwal:"
    contact1 = "Aashish B Khatri:"
    contact2 = "Abhishek Jindal:"
    contact3 = "Aitik Gupta:"
    contact4 = "Himanshu Ruhela:"
    contact5 = "Madhavik Agarwal:"

    collab = tk.Label(about, text="Collaborators", font=("Times New Roman", 15, "normal"))
    cnt0 = tk.Label(about, text=contact0, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
    cnt1 = tk.Label(about, text=contact1, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
    cnt2 = tk.Label(about, text=contact2, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
    cnt3 = tk.Label(about, text=contact3, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
    cnt4 = tk.Label(about, text=contact4, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
    cnt5 = tk.Label(about, text=contact5, justify=tk.LEFT, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))

    email = tk.Label(about, text="Email", font=("Times New Roman", 15,"normal"))
    lbl0 = tk.Label(about, text=r"agarwal.aadit99@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    lbl1 = tk.Label(about, text=r"aashishkhatri809@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    lbl2 = tk.Label(about, text=r"abhishekjindal0909@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    lbl3 = tk.Label(about, text=r"aitikgupta@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    lbl4 = tk.Label(about, text=r"himanshuruhela013@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    lbl5 = tk.Label(about, text=r"madhavik0512@gmail.com", fg="blue", cursor="hand2", anchor="e")
    
    lbl0.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
    lbl1.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
    lbl2.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
    lbl3.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
    lbl4.bind("<Button-1>", callback)
    lbl5.bind("<Button-1>", callback)

    tk.Label(about, text=" ").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=20)
    tk.Label(about, text=" ").grid(row=0, column=1, pady=30)
    collab.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=80, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt0.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt1.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt2.grid(row=4, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt3.grid(row=5, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt4.grid(row=6, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    cnt5.grid(row=7, column=1, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)

    email.grid(row=1, column=3, padx=80, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl0.grid(row=2, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl1.grid(row=3, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl2.grid(row=4, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl3.grid(row=5, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl4.grid(row=6, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    lbl5.grid(row=7, column=3, padx=80, sticky=tk.W)
    
    b1 = tk.Button(about, text="Go to Main", height=2, command=lambda:goto_main(about)).grid(row=8, column=2, pady=60)

def goto_info():
    def cpu_scheduling_terms():
        sche = tk.Toplevel()
        sche.geometry(size)
        l1 = tk.Label(sche, text="CPU Scheduling Terms", font=("Times New Roman", 20, "bold"))
        t1 = "Every process in the ready queue has a unique Process ID, using which it is identified."
        t2 = "The time at which the the process is submitted into the ready queue."
        t3 = "The minimum time required by the process for completion."
        t4 = "The time period allotted to each process in one instance in a Round-Robin Scheduling algorithm."
        t5 = "The maximum number of times a process can be executed in a high priority queue before its\n priority is decreased in a Multi-Level Feedback Queue."
        l2 = tk.Label(sche, text=t1, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
        l3 = tk.Label(sche, text=t2, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
        l4 = tk.Label(sche, text=t3, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
        l5 = tk.Label(sche, text=t4, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
        l6 = tk.Label(sche, text=t5, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
        l1.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=50, pady=30, columnspan=2)
        tk.Label(sche, text=" ",).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=40)
        tk.Label(sche, text="Process Id:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, sticky=tk.W)
        tk.Label(sche, text="Arrival Time:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=3, column=1, padx=5, sticky=tk.W)
        tk.Label(sche, text="Burst Time:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=4, column=1, padx=5, sticky=tk.W)
        tk.Label(sche, text="Time Quantum:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=5, column=1, padx=5, sticky=tk.W)
        tk.Label(sche, text="Threshhold:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=6, column=1, padx=5, sticky=tk.W)
        l2.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
        l3.grid(row=3, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
        l4.grid(row=4, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
        l5.grid(row=5, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
        l6.grid(row=6, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W)
    def output_parameters():
         para = tk.Toplevel()
         para.geometry(size)
         m1 = tk.Label(para, text="Output Parameters", font=("Times New Roman", 20, "bold"))
         z1 = "The average of the time periods spent waiting in the ready queue by a process to complete its\nexecution from the time it arrived in the ready queue."
         z2 = "The average of the amounts of time periods it takes from when a request was submitted into the\nready queue until the first response is produced, i.e, the time period from arrival of a process\ninto the ready queue to the scheduler allotting the CPU resources to the process for the first time."
         z3 = "The average of the amounts of time period taken to execute the process, i.e. the interval from\ntime of submission of the process into the ready queue to the time of completion of the\nprocess (Wall clock time)."
         z4 = "It is the total number of processes completed per unit time or rather say total amount of work \ndone in a unit of time."

         m2 = tk.Label(para, text=z1, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
         m3 = tk.Label(para, text=z2, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
         m4 = tk.Label(para, text=z3, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))
         m5 = tk.Label(para, text=z4, justify="left", font=("roboto", 11, "normal"))

         m1.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=50, pady=30, columnspan=2)
         tk.Label(para, text=" ", ).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=20)
         tk.Label(para, text="Average Waiting Time:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=2, column=1, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         tk.Label(para, text="Average Response Time:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=3, column=1, pady=10, padx=10,sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         tk.Label(para, text="Average Turnaround Time:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=4, column=1, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         tk.Label(para, text="Throughput:", font=("Times New Roman", 12, "bold")).grid(row=5, column=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)


         m2.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         m3.grid(row=3, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         m4.grid(row=4, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
         m5.grid(row=5, column=2, pady=10, sticky=tk.W+tk.N)
    def algorithm_info():
        al = tk.Toplevel()
        al.geometry(size)
        g1 = tk.Label(al, text="Algoritms", font=("Times New Roman", 20, "bold")).grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=15)
        y1 = "There are various algorithms with different approaches to schedule the process efficiently. We have\naccumulated few of the most common algorithms used which provide an overview of all the different\napproaches to CPU scheduling and also the most efficient.\nThe CPU scheduling algorithms implemented are:"
        y2 = "1. First Come First Served (FCFS)\n2. Shortest Job First (SJF) Non-preemptive\n3. Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF) also called Preemptive SJF\n4. Priority Scheduling Preemptive approach\n5. Priority Queue Non-Preemptive approach\n6. Round Robin(RR) with Customizable Time Quantum\n7. Multi-Level Queue with Customizable Round-Robin Levels\n8. Multi-Level Feedback Queue with customizable Round-Robin levels and threshold\n9. A Default Algorithm is also provided which is used most commonly in the operating systems,\n    it is a specific type of Multi-Level Feedback Queue algorithm"
        y3 = "Non-preemptive algorithms are designed so that once a process enters the running state, it cannot be\npreempted until it completes, whereas the preemptive scheduling is based on priority where a scheduler may\npreempt a low priority running process anytime when a high priority process enters into a ready state."
        g2 = tk.Label(al, text=y1, justify="left", font=("roboto", 12, "normal")).grid(row=2,column=1, pady=8, padx=60, sticky=tk.W, columnspan=3)
        g3 = tk.Label(al, text=y2, justify="left", font=("roboto", 12, "normal")).grid(row=3, column=1, pady=8, padx=60, sticky=tk.W)
        g4 = tk.Label(al, text=y3, justify="left", font=("roboto", 12, "normal")).grid(row=4, column=1, pady=8, padx=60, sticky=tk.W, columnspan=3)

    info = tk.Toplevel()
    info.geometry(size)
    root.withdraw()
    r = tk.Label(info, text="References", font=("Times New Roman", 25, "bold"))
    a = tk.Label(info, text="Aim", font=("Times New Roman", 16, "bold"))
    aim = "Our project is a GUI application based on Tkinter which provides a dynamic and interactive interface\nto compare and evaluate CPU scheduling algorithms."
    l = tk.Label(info, text="What is CPU Scheduling?", font=("Times New Roman", 16, "bold"))
    cpu = "CPU scheduling is a process which allows one process to use the CPU while the execution of another\nprocess is on hold(in waiting state) due to unavailability of CPU resources, which are currently preoccupied\nby another process. Thereby maximizing the CPU utilization. Thus the main goal of CPU scheduling as\nin its name, is to scheduletime and resource allocation of the CPU to the processes in the ready queue\nin an inefficient manner. Thus making the system much more efficient, fast and fair."
    a1 = tk.Label(info, text=aim, justify="left", font=("roboto", 13, "normal"))
    a2 = tk.Label(info, text=cpu, justify="left", font=("roboto", 13, "normal"))

    r.grid(row=0, column=1, pady=20, columnspan=5)
    a.grid(row=1, column=1, pady=20, sticky=tk.W)
    l.grid(row=3, column=1, pady=20, sticky=tk.W, columnspan=2)
    a1.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W, columnspan=5)
    a2.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.W, columnspan=5)
    tk.Label(info, text="  ").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=70)
    b1 = tk.Button(info, text="Go to Main", height=2, width=10, command=lambda: goto_main(info))
    b2 = tk.Button(info, text="CPU Scheduling Terms", height=2, width=10, command=cpu_scheduling_terms)
    b3 = tk.Button(info, text="Algorithms", height=2, width=10, command=algorithm_info)
    b4 = tk.Button(info, text="Output Parameters", height=2, width=10, command=output_parameters)
    b1.grid(row=6, column=1, padx=20, pady=40, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b2.grid(row=6, column=2, padx=20, pady=40, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b3.grid(row=6, column=3, padx=20, pady=40, sticky=tk.NSEW)
    b4.grid(row=6, column=4, padx=20, pady=40, sticky=tk.NSEW)


w = tk.Label(root, text = "Welcome to our Operating Systems project.\nChoose:", font=('Times New Roman', 20 ,'normal'))
b1 = tk.Button(root, text="Random Queue Generation", height=3, command=goto_random_queue)
b2 = tk.Button(root, text="User-Created Queue Generation", height=3, command=goto_user_queue)
b3 = tk.Button(root, text="Quit", height=3, command=root.quit)
b4 = tk.Button(root, text="Contact Us", height=3, command=goto_about)
b5 = tk.Button(root, text="References", height=3, command=goto_info)
w.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=400, pady=70, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.EW)
b1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=20, pady=10)
b2.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=10, pady=10)
b3.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=20, pady=10)
b4.grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=20, pady=10)
b5.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NSEW, padx=20, pady=10)
root.mainloop()