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<section>
<h1 class="title"><br>Elementos del Data Science con R<br><br>Manipulación de Datos 2 - Exportación</h1>
</section>
<section><section id="manipulacion-de-datos-2-y-exportacion" class="title-slide slide level1 center white" data-background="#75AADB"><h1>Manipulación de Datos 2 y Exportación</h1></section></section>
<section><section id="manipulacion-de-datos-2" class="title-slide slide level1 center white" data-background="#75AADB"><h1>Manipulación de Datos 2</h1></section><section id="datos-a-utilizar" class="slide level2">
<h2>Datos a utilizar</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">library</span>(tidyverse)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-2" data-line-number="2"><span class="kw">data</span>(<span class="st">"table4a"</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-3" data-line-number="3">table4a</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 3
## country `1999` `2000`
## * <chr> <int> <int>
## 1 Afghanistan 745 2666
## 2 Brazil 37737 80488
## 3 China 212258 213766</code></pre>
</section><section class="slide level2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">data</span>(<span class="st">"table2"</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-2" data-line-number="2">table2</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 12 x 4
## country year type count
## <chr> <int> <chr> <int>
## 1 Afghanistan 1999 cases 745
## 2 Afghanistan 1999 population 19987071
## 3 Afghanistan 2000 cases 2666
## 4 Afghanistan 2000 population 20595360
## 5 Brazil 1999 cases 37737
## 6 Brazil 1999 population 172006362
## 7 Brazil 2000 cases 80488
## 8 Brazil 2000 population 174504898
## 9 China 1999 cases 212258
## 10 China 1999 population 1272915272
## 11 China 2000 cases 213766
## 12 China 2000 population 1280428583</code></pre>
</section><section class="slide level2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-1" data-line-number="1">cases <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">read_csv</span>(<span class="st">"data/cases.csv"</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-2" data-line-number="2">cases</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 4
## country `2011` `2012` `2013`
## <chr> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 FR 7000 6900 7000
## 2 DE 5800 6000 6200
## 3 US 15000 14000 13000</code></pre>
<p>¿Como obtendríamos el promedio por país?</p>
</section><section id="como-obtendriamos-el-promedio-por-pais" class="slide level2">
<h2>¿Como obtendríamos el promedio por país?</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-1" data-line-number="1">cases <span class="op">%>%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-2" data-line-number="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">mutate</span>(<span class="dt">promedio =</span> (<span class="st">`</span><span class="dt">2011</span><span class="st">`</span> <span class="op">+</span><span class="st"> `</span><span class="dt">2012</span><span class="st">`</span> <span class="op">+</span><span class="st"> `</span><span class="dt">2013</span><span class="st">`</span>)<span class="op">/</span><span class="dv">3</span>)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 5
## country `2011` `2012` `2013` promedio
## <chr> <int> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 FR 7000 6900 7000 6967
## 2 DE 5800 6000 6200 6000
## 3 US 15000 14000 13000 14000</code></pre>
<p>Ahora pensemos en una tabla más grande, con más años</p>
</section><section id="gather-recolectar" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>gather</code> Recolectar</h2>
<p>Coloca nombres de columnas en una variable (columna) <strong>key</strong>, recolectando los valores (<strong>value</strong>) de las columnas en un <strong>sola</strong> columna</p>
<p><img data-src="img/tidyr/gather.png" /></p>
</section><section id="gather-ejemplo" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>gather</code> Ejemplo</h2>
<p><img data-src="img/tidyr/gather_example.png" /></p>
</section><section id="gather-codigo" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>gather</code> Código</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb9-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">gather</span>(table4a, <span class="st">`</span><span class="dt">1999</span><span class="st">`</span>, <span class="st">`</span><span class="dt">2000</span><span class="st">`</span>, <span class="dt">key =</span> <span class="st">"year"</span>, <span class="dt">value =</span> <span class="st">"cases"</span>)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 6 x 3
## country year cases
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Afghanistan 1999 745
## 2 Brazil 1999 37737
## 3 China 1999 212258
## 4 Afghanistan 2000 2666
## 5 Brazil 2000 80488
## 6 China 2000 213766</code></pre>
</section><section id="spread-esparcir" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>spread</code> Esparcir</h2>
<p>Esparce un par de columnas (2, key-value) en multiples columnas</p>
<p><img data-src="img/tidyr/spread.png" /></p>
</section><section id="spread-ejemplo" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>spread</code> Ejemplo</h2>
<p><img data-src="img/tidyr/spread_example.png" /></p>
</section><section id="spread-codigo" class="slide level2">
<h2><code>spread</code> Código</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb11-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">spread</span>(table2, type, count)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 6 x 4
## country year cases population
## <chr> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 Afghanistan 1999 745 19987071
## 2 Afghanistan 2000 2666 20595360
## 3 Brazil 1999 37737 172006362
## 4 Brazil 2000 80488 174504898
## 5 China 1999 212258 1272915272
## 6 China 2000 213766 1280428583</code></pre>
</section><section id="joins-combinar-tablas" class="slide level2">
<h2>Joins: Combinar tablas</h2>
<p><img data-src="img/dplyr/joins.png" /></p>
</section><section id="joins-ejemplos" class="slide level2">
<h2>Joins Ejemplos</h2>
<p><img data-src="img/dplyr/joins_example.png" /></p>
</section><section id="joins-codigo" class="slide level2">
<h2>Joins Código</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-1" data-line-number="1">x <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data_frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-2" data-line-number="2"> <span class="dt">A =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>, <span class="st">"c"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="dt">B =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"t"</span>, <span class="st">"u"</span>, <span class="st">"v"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">C =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="dv">2</span>, <span class="dv">3</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-5" data-line-number="5"> )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-7" data-line-number="7">y <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data_frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-8" data-line-number="8"> <span class="dt">A =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>, <span class="st">"c"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-9" data-line-number="9"> <span class="dt">B =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"t"</span>, <span class="st">"u"</span>, <span class="st">"w"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-10" data-line-number="10"> <span class="dt">D =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="dv">2</span>, <span class="dv">1</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-11" data-line-number="11"> )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-12" data-line-number="12"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb13-13" data-line-number="13">x</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 3
## A B C
## <chr> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 a t 1.00
## 2 b u 2.00
## 3 c v 3.00</code></pre>
</section><section class="slide level2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb15-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">left_join</span>(x, y)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 4
## A B C D
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 a t 1.00 3.00
## 2 b u 2.00 2.00
## 3 c v 3.00 NA</code></pre>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb17-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">right_join</span>(x, y)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 4
## A B C D
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 a t 1.00 3.00
## 2 b u 2.00 2.00
## 3 c w NA 1.00</code></pre>
</section><section class="slide level2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">inner_join</span>(x, y)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 2 x 4
## A B C D
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 a t 1.00 3.00
## 2 b u 2.00 2.00</code></pre>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb21-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">full_join</span>(x, y)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 4 x 4
## A B C D
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 a t 1.00 3.00
## 2 b u 2.00 2.00
## 3 c v 3.00 NA
## 4 c w NA 1.00</code></pre>
</section></section>
<section><section id="exportacion" class="title-slide slide level1 center white" data-background="#75AADB"><h1>Exportación</h1></section><section id="destinos" class="slide level2">
<h2>Destinos</h2>
<p>Los datos puden exportarse de <em>muuuuchas</em> formas</p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Archivo de texto</li>
<li class="fragment">Excel</li>
<li class="fragment">SPSS</li>
<li class="fragment">Bases de Datos</li>
</ul>
</section><section id="funciones-para-exportar" class="slide level2">
<h2>Funciones para exportar</h2>
<p>Dependiendo de la fuente se requiere uan <strong>función</strong> de un <strong>paquete</strong> en particular</p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Si es archivo de texto csv: <code>write_csv</code> del paquete <code>readr</code> (que viene en el <code>tidyverse</code>)</li>
<li class="fragment">Si es un archivo de texto: <code>write_delim</code> del paquete <code>readr</code> es una función más general</li>
<li class="fragment">Si es un excel: <code>write_xlsx</code> del paquete <code>writexl</code></li>
<li class="fragment">Y así…</li>
</ul>
</section></section>
<section><section id="ejercicio-practico" class="title-slide slide level1 center"><h1>Ejercicio Práctico</h1></section><section id="ejercicio-1---que-sucede" class="slide level2">
<h2>Ejercicio 1 - ¿Qué sucede?</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-1" data-line-number="1">people <-<span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">data_frame</span>(</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-2" data-line-number="2"> <span class="dt">name =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"Phillip Woods"</span>, <span class="st">"Phillip Woods"</span>, <span class="st">"Phillip Woods"</span>,</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-3" data-line-number="3"> <span class="st">"Jessica Cordero"</span>, <span class="st">"Jessica Cordero"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-4" data-line-number="4"> <span class="dt">key =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="st">"age"</span>, <span class="st">"height"</span>, <span class="st">"age"</span>, <span class="st">"age"</span>, <span class="st">"height"</span>),</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-5" data-line-number="5"> <span class="dt">value =</span> <span class="kw">c</span>(<span class="dv">45</span>, <span class="dv">186</span>, <span class="dv">50</span>, <span class="dv">37</span>, <span class="dv">156</span>)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-6" data-line-number="6"> )</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-7" data-line-number="7">people</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 5 x 3
## name key value
## <chr> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 Phillip Woods age 45.0
## 2 Phillip Woods height 186
## 3 Phillip Woods age 50.0
## 4 Jessica Cordero age 37.0
## 5 Jessica Cordero height 156</code></pre>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb25-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">spread</span>(people, key, value)</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## Error: Duplicate identifiers for rows (1, 3)</code></pre>
</section><section id="ejercicio-2" class="slide level2">
<h2>Ejercicio 2</h2>
<p>Volviendo a:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb27-1" data-line-number="1">cases</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 4
## country `2011` `2012` `2013`
## <chr> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 FR 7000 6900 7000
## 2 DE 5800 6000 6200
## 3 US 15000 14000 13000</code></pre>
<p>Calcule el promedio usando una forma mas <em>elegante</em></p>
</section><section id="ejercicio-2---solucion" class="slide level2">
<h2>Ejercicio 2 - Solución</h2>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb29-1" data-line-number="1">cases <span class="op">%>%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb29-2" data-line-number="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">gather</span>(<span class="st">"año"</span>, <span class="st">"valor"</span>, <span class="st">`</span><span class="dt">2011</span><span class="st">`</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="st">`</span><span class="dt">2013</span><span class="st">`</span>) <span class="op">%>%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb29-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">group_by</span>(country) <span class="op">%>%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb29-4" data-line-number="4"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">summarise</span>(<span class="dt">promedio =</span> <span class="kw">mean</span>(valor))</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>## # A tibble: 3 x 2
## country promedio
## <chr> <dbl>
## 1 DE 6000
## 2 FR 6967
## 3 US 14000</code></pre>
</section></section>
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