ckad.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import os, platform

basic_conf = [{
    'question': 'Basic configurations\n\n\nHow to create kubectl completion? \n\n',
    'answer': 'echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to reload .bashrc ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'source ~/.bashrc',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create an alias to kubectl ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'alias k=kubectl',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to see an specific namespace ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k -n namespace',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to export a pod config to a yaml file ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get pod name -o yaml --export > file.yml',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to export a deployment config to a yaml file ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get deployment name -o yaml --export > file.yml',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to force a replace using a file ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k replace -f file.yml --force',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to set configuration context ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k config use-context name',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to get elevated privileges on exam ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'sudo -i',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    }
]    

core_concepts = [{
    'question': 'Core Concepts - 13% \n\n\nWhat are the possible values for pod phase ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'pending, running, succeeded, failed, unknown',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'What are the types of API versioning\n\n',
    'answer': 'alpha, beta, stable',
    'obs': 'Alpha level:  The version names contain alpha (e.g. v1alpha1).\n Beta level: The version names contain beta (e.g. v2beta3)\n Stable level: The version name is vX where X is an integer.\n ',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/kubernetes-api/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to see all APIs enabled? \n\n ',
    'answer': 'k api-versions',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to enable API groups? \n\n',
    'answer': '--runtime-config',
    'obs': 'enable: --runtime-config=batch/v2alpha1\n disable: --runtime-config=batch/v1=false\n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/kubernetes-api/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'What are the pods controllers? \n\n',
    'answer': 'deployment, statefulset, daemonset',
    'obs': '',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'What are the Container probes types ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'ExecAction, TCPSockAction, HTTPGetAction',
    'obs': '\nExecAction: Executes a specified command inside the Container. The diagnostic is considered successful if the command exits with a status code of 0. \n TCPSocketAction: Performs a TCP check against the Container’s IP address on a specified port. The diagnostic is considered successful if the port is open. \n HTTPGetAction: Performs an HTTP Get request against the Container’s IP address on a specified port and path. The diagnostic is considered successful if the response has a status code greater than or equal to 200 and less than 400. \n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Each probe has one of three results, what is this results? \n\n',
    'answer': 'Success, Failure, Unknown',
    'obs': 'Success: The Container passed the diagnostic.\n Failure: The Container failed the diagnostic. \n Unknown: The diagnostic failed, so no action should be taken.\n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'The kubelet can optionally perform and react to two kinds of probes on running Containers, what are? \n',
    'answer': 'livenessProbe, readinessProbe',
    'obs': '\nlivenessProbe: Indicates whether the Container is running. If the liveness probe fails, the kubelet kills the Container, and the Container is subjected to its restart policy. If a Container does not provide a liveness probe, the default state is Success.\n readinessProbe: Indicates whether the Container is ready to service requests. If the readiness probe fails, the endpoints controller removes the Pod’s IP address from the endpoints of all Services that match the Pod. The default state of readiness before the initial delay is Failure. If a Container does not provide a readiness probe, the default state is Success\n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'What are the  possible values to a restartPolicy ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'Always, OnFailure, and Never',
    'obs': '\nThe default value is Always. restartPolicy applies to all Containers in the Pod. restartPolicy only refers to restarts of the Containers by the kubelet on the same node. Exited Containers that are restarted by the kubelet are restarted with an exponential back-off delay (10s, 20s, 40s …) capped at five minutes, and is reset after ten minutes of successful execution. As discussed in the Pods document, once bound to a node, a Pod will never be rebound to another node\n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Pod lifetime, What are the Three types of controllers available? \n\n',
    'answer': 'Job, ReplicationController, ReplicaSet, or Deployment and DaemonSet',
    'obs': 'Use a Job for Pods that are expected to terminate, for example, batch computations. Jobs are appropriate only for Pods with restartPolicy equal to OnFailure or Never.\n Use a ReplicationController, ReplicaSet, or Deployment for Pods that are not expected to terminate, for example, web servers. ReplicationControllers are appropriate only for Pods with a restartPolicy of Always.\n Use a DaemonSet for Pods that need to run one per machine, because they provide a machine-specific system service.\n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/',
    },
]


multi_container = [{
    'question': 'Multi-Container Pods - 10%\n\n\n What are the Multi-Container Pod design patterns \n?',
    'answer': 'ambassador, adapter, sidecare',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Explain ambassor: \n',
    'answer': 'proxy',
    'obs': "The ambassador pattern is a useful way to connect containers with the outside world. An ambassador container is essentially a proxy that allows other containers to connect to a port on localhost while the ambassador container can proxy these connections to different environments depending on the cluster's needs.",
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Explain adapter:',
    'answer': 'output monitoring',
    'obs': 'The adapter pattern is used to standardize and normalize application output or monitoring data for aggregation',
    'link': '',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Explain sidecare:',
    'answer': 'to help another container',
    'obs': "The sidecar pattern consists of a main application—i.e. your web application—plus a helper container with a responsibility that is essential to your application, but is not necessarily part of the application itself. The most common sidecar containers are logging utilities, sync services, watchers, and monitoring agents. It wouldn't make sense for a logging container to run while the application itself isn't running, so we create a pod that has the main application and the sidecar container. Another benefit of moving the logging work is that if the logging code is faulty, the fault will be isolated to that container—an exception thrown in the nonessential logging code won't bring down the main application.",
    'link': '',
    }
]


pod_design = [{      
    'question': 'Pod Design - 20%\n\n\n Understand how to use Labels, Selectors, and Annotations.\n\n  How to set label to a pod ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k label pods name tier=backend',
    'obs': '',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to set label to a pod overwriting any existing value ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k label --overwrite pods name tier=backend',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to search pods with labels tier=backend ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get pods -l tier=backend',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create a label to node? \n\n',
    'answer': ' k label nodes nodename datadog=true',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/ ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to show node labels? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get nodes --show-labels',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to assign nodeSelector to a pod ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'nodeSelector: datadog:true',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create one annotation? \n\n',
    'answer': " k annotate pods name description='my backend'",
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to update one annotation overwriting any existing value ? \n\n',
    'answer': "k annotate --overwrite pods name description='my backend'",
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Understand Deployments and how to perform rolling updates.  \n\n\n How to create a deployment? \n\n ',
    'answer': 'k create -f file.yml --record',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to see all deployments? \n\n',
    'answer': ' k get deployments',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to see the Deployment rollout status? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k rollout status deployment/name',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to update a deployment image? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k set image deployment/name nginx=nginx:latest',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to check Rollout History of a Deployment ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k rollout history deployment/name',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/ ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to see the details of each revision? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k rollout history deployment/name --revision=2',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to rollback to a Previous Revision ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' k rollout undo deployment/name',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to rollback to a specific revision? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k rollback undo deployment/name --revision=2',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to scale a deployment? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k scale deployment name --replicas=2',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to set horizontal pod autoscaling to a deployment? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k autoscale deployment name --min=2 --max=3 --cpu-percent=80',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'Understand Jobs and CronJobs \n\n\n to create a cron job using kubectl run ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k run name --schedule="*/1 * * * *" --restart=OnFailure --image=busybox -- /bin/sh -c "date; echo k8s"',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'After creating the cron job, how to get the job status? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get cronjob name',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'how to Watch for the job to be created in around one minute? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get jobs --watch',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to delete a cronjob? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k delete cronjob name',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
]

config = [{      
    'question': 'Configuration - 18%\n\n\n How to get a configmap named teste ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get configmap teste ',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },  
    {
    'question': 'How to get a configmap named teste and export to yaml file ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k get configmap teste -o yaml > file.yml',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' How to create a configmap from a file? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create configmap teste --from-file=file.txt  ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': 'How to create a configmap named teste from a file with variables ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create configmap teste --from-env-file=variables.txt ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': 'How to Define the key to use when creating a ConfigMap from a file ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create configmap teste --from-file=foo=file.txt ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': 'How to create a configmap teste from literal ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create configmap teste --from-literal=foo=bar ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
]

observability = [{      
    'question': 'Observability - 18%\n\n\n bla bla bla ?',
    'answer': 'bla',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
]

networking = [{      
    'question': 'Services & Networking - 13%\n\n\n bla bla bla ?',
    'answer': 'bla',
    'obs': '',
    'link': '',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
    {
    'question': ' ? \n\n',
    'answer': ' ',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },  
]

exercises = [{
    'question': 'Exercise: \n Create a pod named nginx with a image nginx with 4 replicas, limit cpu to 300m and memory to 512Mi, finally expose port 443 and export to a file named file.yml \n\n',
    'answer': "k run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=4 --limits='cpu=300m,memory=512Mi' --expose --port 443 -o yaml --dry-run > file.yml",
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': ' Create a pod named nginx with a image nginx with 3 replicas, limit cpu to 300m and memory to 512Mi, with service account name teste and finally expose port 443 and export to a file named file.yml \n\n',
    'answer': "k run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3 --limits='cpu=300m,memory=512Mi' --expose --port 443 --serviceaccount=teste -o yaml --dry-run > file.yml",
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create a DEPLOYMENT using kubectl run ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k run nginx --image=nginx',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create a POD using kubectl run ? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k run nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create a JOB using kubectl run ? name=busybox image=busybox \n\n',
    'answer': 'k run busybox --image=busybox --restart=OnFailure',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create a CRONJOB using kubectl run ? name=busybox image=busybox \n\n',
    'answer': 'k run busybox --image=busybox --schedule="* * * * *" --restart=OnFailure',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create configmap using kubectl create? configmap name \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create configmap name --from-literal=foo=bar',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },
    {
    'question': 'How to create secret using kubectl create and export to yml file? \n\n',
    'answer': 'k create secret generic name --from-literal=foo=bar -o yaml --dry-run > file.yml',
    'obs': ' \n',
    'link': ' ',
    },

]

def clear_terminal ():
    if platform.system() == 'Windows':
        os.system("cls")
    else:
        os.system("clear")


def exec_choose(question):
    questions = question
    cq = 0
    for q in questions:
        if input(q['question']) == q['answer']:
            cq += 1
            print("correct \n\n")
            print(q['obs'])
            print("\n")
            print(q['link'])
            input('go to next? press <enter>\n\n')
            clear_terminal ()
        else:
            print("incorrect \n\n")
            print("The correct is: {}" .format(q['answer']))
            print(q['obs'])
            print("\n")
            print(q['link'])
            input('go to next? press <enter>\n\n')
            clear_terminal ()

    media = (cq / len(questions) * 100)
    clear_terminal ()
    print('Your Result: {:.2f}'.format(media))
    input('go to menu? press <enter>')
    clear_terminal ()

def main():
    while True:
        choose = input("""Choose one option to practice: \n
                         1) Basic configurations\n
                         2) Core Concepts 13%\n
                         3) Multi-Container Pods - 10%\n
                         4) Pod Design - 20%\n
                         5) Configuration - 18%\n
                         6) Observability - 18%\n
                         7) Services & Networking - 13%\n
		         8) Exercises\n
                         9) Exit\n
                       """)
        if choose == "1":
            exec_choose(basic_conf)
        elif choose == "2":
            exec_choose(core_concepts)
        elif choose == "3":
            exec_choose(multi_container)
        elif choose == "4":
            exec_choose(pod_design)
        elif choose == "5":
            exec_choose(config)
        elif choose == "6":
            exec_choose(observability)
        elif choose == "7":
            exec_choose(networking)
        elif choose == "8":
            exec_choose(exercises)
        elif choose == "9":
            break
        else:
            print("option not found")
            clear_terminal ()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()