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SMT ADT Remover

This tool aims at removing ADTs from smtlib2 instances that only use the Tuples subset of ADTs. Not all syntax is supported, check the Unsupported section below. You may also want to check the test directory for examples of transformations.

Flattening

The basic strategy is flattening the tuples so that tuple members become separate variables in the context where they are used.

This implies that:

  1. A variable of tuple type is transformed into one or more variables representing each tuple member.
(declare-datatypes ((|my_tuple| 0)) (((|my_tuple| (|member1| (Array Int Int)) (|member2| Int) ))))
(declare-const t |my_tuple|)

->

(declare-const t_member1 (Array Int Int))
(declare-const t_member2 Int)

The same is valid for variable declarations inside quantifiers.

  1. A tuple constructor transformation needs to take its context into account.
  • 2.1) If it is used in an equality, we need a new equality for each member.
(declare-datatypes ((|my_tuple| 0)) (((|my_tuple| (|member1| (Array Int Int)) (|member2| Int) ))))
(declare-const t1 |my_tuple|)
(declare-const t2 |my_tuple|)

(assert (= t1 t2))

->

(declare-const t1_member1 (Array Int Int))
(declare-const t1_member2 Int)
(declare-const t2_member1 (Array Int Int))
(declare-const t2_member2 Int)

(assert (and
	(= t1_member1 t2_member1)
	(= t1_member2 t2_member2)
))
  • 2.2) If it is used in a function application, we just apply the function on the new variables instead.
(declare-datatypes ((|my_tuple| 0)) (((|my_tuple| (|member1| (Array Int Int)) (|member2| Int) ))))
(declare-fun (|my_tuple|) Bool)

(declare-const t |my_tuple|)
(declare-const a (Array Int Int))
(declare-const i Int)

(assert (f (|my_tuple| a i)))

->

(declare-fun ( (Array Int Int) Int ) Bool)

(declare-const a (Array Int Int))
(declare-const i Int)

(assert (f a i))
  • 2.3) A tuple accessor transformation simply uses the new variable created for that member.
(declare-datatypes ((|my_tuple| 0)) (((|my_tuple| (|member1| (Array Int Int)) (|member2| Int) ))))
(declare-const t |my_tuple|)

(assert (> (|member2| t) 0))

->

(declare-const t_member1 (Array Int Int))
(declare-const t_member2 Int)

(assert (> t_member2 0))

  1. Functions that take tuples as parameters may now increase their arity, as shown in 2.2 above.

  2. Nested tuples are flattened in consecutive stages until there are no more tuples left.

Tuples as Index Sort of Arrays

Flattening tuples that are used as indices of arrays is more complicated. If we have a tuple T: (T1, T2) and an array A: (Array T Int), we need two arrays:

  • A2: (Array T2 Int)
  • A1: (Array T1 (Array T2 Int))

so that A is replaced by A1.

Let a be of sort A and t of sort T.

  • (select a t) ->

Variable t is transformed into t_1 and t_2.

Now we have a1 of sort A1, t_1 of sort T1 and t_2 of sort T2.

The resulting select is: (select (select a1 t1) t2)

  • (select a (T x y)) -> (select (select a1 x) y)

  • (store a t v) -> (store a1 t1 (store (select a1 t1) t2 v)) That is, select until the last tuple member (not included) to retrieve the innermost array; store the value in the innermost array; store the resulting array in decreasing index order of tuple member.

Unsupported Syntax

  • Tuples with more than one constructor.
  • Tuples whose constructor's name is different from the tuple's name.
  • Accessor functions must be applied to a variable of a tuple sort or another accessor function (in case of nested tuples). If they are applied over another function application or tuple constructor, neither will be flattened.
  • Tuples inside let and match expressions.