Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into linopy-dev

pypsa-meets-earth · Jul 18, 2024 · 83b4cca · 83b4cca
2 parents 8f69645 + 9c3ec89
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diff --git a/Snakefile b/Snakefile
diff --git a/config.default.yaml b/config.default.yaml
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ scenario:
 
 policy_config:
   hydrogen:
-    temporal_matching: "no_res_matching" #either "h2_yearly_matching", "h2_monthly_matching", "no_res_matching"
+    temporal_matching: "no_res_matching" # either "h2_yearly_matching", "h2_monthly_matching", "no_res_matching"
     spatial_matching: false
     additionality: false # RE electricity is equal to the amount required for additional hydrogen export compared to the 0 export case ("reference_case")
     allowed_excess: 1.0
     is_reference: false # Whether or not this network is a reference case network, relevant only if additionality is _true_
-    remove_h2_load: false #Whether or not to remove the h2 load from the network, relevant only if is_reference is _true_
+    remove_h2_load: false # Whether or not to remove the h2 load from the network, relevant only if is_reference is _true_
     path_to_ref: "" # Path to the reference case network for additionality calculation, relevant only if additionality is _true_ and is_reference is _false_
     re_country_load: false # Set to "True" to force the RE electricity to be equal to the electricity required for hydrogen export and the country electricity load. "False" excludes the country electricity load from the constraint.
 
@@ -48,20 +48,21 @@ demand_data:
   update_data: true # if true, the workflow downloads the energy balances data saved in data/demand/unsd/data again. Turn on for the first run.
   base_year: 2019
 
-  other_industries: false # Whether or not to include industries that are not specified. some countries have has exageratted numbers, check carefully.
+  other_industries: false # Whether or not to include industries that are not specified. some countries have has exaggerated numbers, check carefully.
   aluminium_year: 2019 # Year of the aluminium demand data specified in `data/AL_production.csv`
 
 
 enable:
   retrieve_cost_data: true # if true, the workflow overwrites the cost data saved in data/costs again
+  retrieve_irena: true  #If true, downloads the IRENA data
 
 fossil_reserves:
-  oil: 100 #TWh Maybe reduntant
+  oil: 100 # TWh Maybe redundant
 
 
 export:
   h2export: [10] # Yearly export demand in TWh
-  store: true # [True, False] # specifies wether an export store to balance demand is implemented
+  store: true # [True, False] # specifies whether an export store to balance demand is implemented
   store_capital_costs: "no_costs" # ["standard_costs", "no_costs"] # specifies the costs of the export store. "standard_costs" takes CAPEX of "hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor"
   export_profile: "ship" # use "ship" or "constant"
   ship:
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ custom_data:
 
 costs: # Costs used in PyPSA-Earth-Sec. Year depends on the wildcard planning_horizon in the scenario section
   version: v0.6.2
-  lifetime: 25 #default lifetime
+  lifetime: 25 # default lifetime
   # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016
   discountrate: [0.071] #, 0.086, 0.111]
   # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501
@@ -107,55 +108,10 @@ costs: # Costs used in PyPSA-Earth-Sec. Year depends on the wildcard planning_ho
     co2: 0.
 
   lines:
-    length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs
+    length_factor: 1.25 # to estimate offwind connection costs
 
 
 industry:
-  St_primary_fraction: 0.9 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6
-    # 2020: 0.6
-    # 2025: 0.55
-    # 2030: 0.5
-    # 2035: 0.45
-    # 2040: 0.4
-    # 2045: 0.35
-    # 2050: 0.3
-  DRI_fraction: 0.5 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF
-    # 2020: 0
-    # 2025: 0
-    # 2030: 0.05
-    # 2035: 0.2
-    # 2040: 0.4
-    # 2045: 0.7
-    # 2050: 1
-  H2_DRI: 1.7   #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI),  MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279
-  elec_DRI: 0.322   #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf
-  Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4
-    # 2020: 0.4
-    # 2025: 0.375
-    # 2030: 0.35
-    # 2035: 0.325
-    # 2040: 0.3
-    # 2045: 0.25
-    # 2050: 0.2
-  MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf
-  MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3
-  MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy)
-  MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB)
-  NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
-  petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
-  HVC_primary_fraction: 1. # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route
-  HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling
-  HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling
-  HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX
-  MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756.
-  MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking
-  chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43
-  MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43
-  MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372  # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process
-  methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62
-  MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
-  MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
-  hotmaps_locate_missing: false
   reference_year: 2015
 
 solar_thermal:
@@ -164,6 +120,17 @@ solar_thermal:
     slope: 45.
     azimuth: 180.
 
+existing_capacities:
+  grouping_years_power: [1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025, 2030]
+  grouping_years_heat: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] # these should not extend 2020
+  threshold_capacity: 10
+  default_heating_lifetime: 20
+  conventional_carriers:
+  - lignite
+  - coal
+  - oil
+  - uranium
+
 sector:
   gas:
     spatial_gas: true # ALWAYS TRUE
@@ -172,6 +139,7 @@ sector:
     network_data_GGIT_status: ['Construction', 'Operating', 'Idle', 'Shelved', 'Mothballed', 'Proposed']
   hydrogen:
     network: true
+    H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6
     network_limit: 2000 #GWkm
     network_routes: gas # "gas or "greenfield". If "gas"  ->  the network data are fetched from ["sector"]["gas"]["network_data"]. If "greenfield"  -> the network follows the topology of electrical transmission lines
     gas_network_repurposing: true # If true -> ["sector"]["gas"]["network"] is automatically false
@@ -181,20 +149,20 @@ sector:
     blue_share: 0.40
     pink_share: 0.05
 
-  international_bunkers: false #Whether or not to count the emissions of international aviation and navigation
+  international_bunkers: false # Whether or not to count the emissions of international aviation and navigation
 
   oil:
     spatial_oil: true
 
   district_heating:
-    potential: 0.3 #maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating
-      #increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share
-      #progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress=-1 means maxumzm fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating
+    potential: 0.3 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating
+      # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share
+      # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress=-1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating
     progress: 1
-      #2020: 0.0
-      #2030: 0.3
-      #2040: 0.6
-      #2050: 1.0
+      # 2020: 0.0
+      # 2030: 0.3
+      # 2040: 0.6
+      # 2050: 1.0
     district_heating_loss: 0.15
   reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true  # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH)
   # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if
@@ -208,13 +176,7 @@ sector:
     # 2040: 0.16
     # 2045: 0.21
     # 2050: 0.29
-  retrofitting:   # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand
-    retro_endogen: false  # co-optimise space heat savings
-    cost_factor: 1.0   # weight costs for building renovation
-    interest_rate: 0.04  # for investment in building components
-    annualise_cost: true  # annualise the investment costs
-    tax_weighting: false   # weight costs depending on taxes in countries
-    construction_index: true   # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country
+
   tes: true
   tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
     decentral: 3
@@ -224,31 +186,31 @@ sector:
   chp: true
   micro_chp: false
   solar_thermal: true
-  heat_pump_sink_T: 55 #Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used un build_cop_profiles.py
-  time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance
-  solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>>1/1.2683
-  bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S
-  bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency
+  heat_pump_sink_T: 55 # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used un build_cop_profiles.py
+  time_dep_hp_cop: true # time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance
+  solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 #  = >>>1/1.2683
+  bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 # kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S
+  bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 # BEV (dis-)charging efficiency
   transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20.
   transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15.
-  ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband
+  ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 # in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband
   ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6
   EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98
   EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63
   bev_avail_max: 0.95
   bev_avail_mean: 0.8
-  bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM
-  bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value
-  v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
-  bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery
-  bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh
-  bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging
+  bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 # Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM
+  bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 # Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value
+  v2g: true # allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
+  bev_dsm: true # turns on EV battery
+  bev_energy: 0.05 # average battery size in MWh
+  bev_availability: 0.5 # How many cars do smart charging
   transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5
   transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3
   industry_util_factor: 0.7
 
   biomass_transport: true  # biomass transport between nodes
-  biomass_transport_default_cost: 0.1 #EUR/km/MWh
+  biomass_transport_default_cost: 0.1 # EUR/km/MWh
   solid_biomass_potential: 40 # TWh/a, Potential of whole modelled area
   biogas_potential: 0.5 # TWh/a, Potential of whole modelled area
 
@@ -257,7 +219,7 @@ sector:
   efficiency_heat_gas_to_elec: 0.9
 
   dynamic_transport:
-    enable: false # If "True", then the BEV and FCEV shares are obtained depening on the "Co2L"-wildcard (e.g. "Co2L0.70: 0.10"). If "False", then the shares are obtained depending on the "demand" wildcard and "planning_horizons" wildcard as listed below (e.g. "DF_2050: 0.08")
+    enable: false # If "True", then the BEV and FCEV shares are obtained depending on the "Co2L"-wildcard (e.g. "Co2L0.70: 0.10"). If "False", then the shares are obtained depending on the "demand" wildcard and "planning_horizons" wildcard as listed below (e.g. "DF_2050: 0.08")
     land_transport_electric_share:
       Co2L2.0: 0.00
       Co2L1.0: 0.01
@@ -308,13 +270,13 @@ sector:
     DF_2050: 0.011
 
   co2_network: true
-  co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe
-  co2_sequestration_cost: 10 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2
+  co2_sequestration_potential: 200 # MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe
+  co2_sequestration_cost: 10 # EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2
   hydrogen_underground_storage: true
   shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: false
-  shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011
+  shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 # For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011
 
-  shipping_hydrogen_share: #1.0
+  shipping_hydrogen_share: # 1.0
     BU_2030: 0.00
     AP_2030: 0.00
     NZ_2030: 0.10
@@ -342,7 +304,7 @@ sector:
 
   conventional_generation: # generator : carrier
     OCGT: gas
-    #Gen_Test: oil # Just for testing purposes
+    # Gen_Test: oil # Just for testing purposes
 
 # snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Earth/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Earth-Sec
 snapshots:
@@ -358,7 +320,7 @@ build_osm_network:  # TODO: To Remove this once we merge pypsa-earth and pypsa-e
   force_ac: false  # When true, it forces all components (lines and substation) to be AC-only. To be used if DC assets create problem.
 
 solving:
-  #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp"
+  # tmpdir: "path/to/tmp"
   options:
     formulation: kirchhoff
     clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
@@ -428,7 +390,7 @@ solving:
     cbc-default: {} # Used in CI
     glpk-default: {} # Used in CI
 
-  mem: 30000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2
+  mem: 30000 # memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2
   runtime: "12:00:00"
 
 plotting:
@@ -622,4 +584,3 @@ plotting:
     biomass EOP: "green"
     biomass: "green"
     high-temp electrolysis: "magenta"
-
diff --git a/config.pypsa-earth.yaml b/config.pypsa-earth.yaml
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ atlite:
       dy: 0.3  # cutout resolution
       # The cutout time is automatically set by the snapshot range. See `snapshot:` option above and 'build_cutout.py'.
       # time: ["2013-01-01", "2014-01-01"]  # to manually specify a different weather year (~70 years available)
-      # The cutout spatial extent [x,y] is automatically set by country selection. See `countires:` option above and 'build_cutout.py'.
+      # The cutout spatial extent [x,y] is automatically set by country selection. See `countries:` option above and 'build_cutout.py'.
       # x: [-12., 35.]  # set cutout range manual, instead of automatic by boundaries of country
       # y: [33., 72]    # manual set cutout range
 
@@ -352,8 +352,8 @@ monte_carlo:
     add_to_snakefile: false # When set to true, enables Monte Carlo sampling
     samples: 9 # number of optimizations. Note that number of samples when using scipy has to be the square of a prime number
     sampling_strategy: "chaospy"  # "pydoe2", "chaospy", "scipy", packages that are supported
-    seed: 42 # set seedling for reproducibilty
-  # Uncertanties on any PyPSA object are specified by declaring the specific PyPSA object under the key 'uncertainties'.
+    seed: 42 # set seedling for reproducibility
+  # Uncertainties on any PyPSA object are specified by declaring the specific PyPSA object under the key 'uncertainties'.
   # For each PyPSA object, the 'type' and 'args' keys represent the type of distribution and its argument, respectively.
   # Supported distributions types are uniform, normal, lognormal, triangle, beta and gamma.
   # The arguments of the distribution are passed using the key 'args'  as follows, tailored by distribution type
@@ -530,4 +530,4 @@ plotting:
     battery: "Battery Storage"
     H2: "Hydrogen Storage"
     lines: "Transmission Lines"
-    ror: "Run of River"
+    ror: "Run of River"
diff --git a/data/existing_infrastructure/existing_heating_raw.csv b/data/existing_infrastructure/existing_heating_raw.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+,gas boiler,coal boiler,oil boiler,resistive heater,air heat pump,ground heat pump
+Austria,9.32,0.4,15.42,0,0.72,1.077
+Belgium,28.39,1.19,19.53,3.14,0.17,0.061
+Bulgaria,0.16,3.68,0.04,3.46,1.01,0.045
+Croatia,8.39,0.03,2.88,1.53,0,0
+Czech Republic,9.26,1.02,0.1,2.73,0.35,0.263
+Denmark,4.82,0,3.67,2.19,1.9,0.381
+Estonia,0.22,0.02,0.12,0.27,0.33,0.1
+Finland,0,0.04,3.79,10.3,1.98,0.58
+France,76.85,1.03,46.03,87.24,26.14,1.97
+Germany,131.09,0.44,132.04,0,2.38,3.29
+Greece,2.17,0.03,18.13,5.91,0,0
+Hungary,21.21,1.3,0.04,0.06,0.03,0.035
+Ireland,4.32,0.8,4.85,1.03,0.03,0.03
+Italy,112.68,1.89,3.33,6.61,54.98,0.6
+Latvia,1.53,0.4,0,0.03,0,0
+Lithuania,0,0,0,0,0.01,0.02
+Luxembourg,0.79,0,0.77,0.09,0.01,0.001
+Netherlands,81.41,0,0.1,0.1,1.82,0.849
+Poland,8.25,24.75,9.04,5.96,0.01,0.04
+Portugal,4.79,0,0.2,21.26,1.58,0.064
+Romania,16.56,0.32,0.03,0.72,0,0
+Slovakia,8.05,0.19,0.01,0.55,0.06,0.015
+Slovenia,0.4,0,1.08,0.4,0.03,0.056
+Spain,48.99,0.51,17.95,56.58,1.15,0.016
+Sweden,1.01,0,0.77,3.76,3.42,4.813
+United Kingdom,160.49,1.26,7.39,13.81,0.81,0.21
+Norway,,,,,2.91,0.334
+Switzerland,,,,,1,0.849
+Serbia,,,,,,
+Bosnia Herzegovina,,,,,,
+DEFAULT,,,,,,