This project implements a solution of detecting numerous writing styles in a text. There are many different ways to measure how similar two documents are, or how similar a document is to a query. The project implements the first algorithm of the article with minor changes, which don't affect the outcomes. This algorithm is suggested in the "Patterning of writing style evolution by means of dynamic similarity" by Konstantin Amelina, Oleg Granichina, Natalia Kizhaevaa and Zeev Volkovich.
All dependencies can be installed via:
pip install -r requirements.txtNote! The project was written in Python's version 3.6.8, but there should be no problem with every 3.* or 2.* version.
As known in all the python packages, in order to install the package run the next command:
python setup.py installNote! There is an example to how to wrap the algorithm with simple main script.
The package provides 4 main features:
- Full algorithm implementation:
def execute(first_text, second_text, model=None, T=10, chunk_size=50, n_top_keywords=1000): """ Execute the Multi Writing Style Detection algorithm. Parameters ---------- first_text : str The first text for the algorithm. second_text : str The first text for the algorithm. model : gensim.models.KeyedVectors or gensim.models.Word2Vec [optional] The embedding model T: int T look ahead when calculating the algorithm chunk_size: The text is divided into chunks, which is their size. n_top_keywords: The algorithm uses a certain amount of keywords, that is the quantity. Returns ---------- (np.array, np.array, tuple): ZV distance (1 dimensional array), DZV distance (2 dimensional array), Clustering Clustering contains (according to indexes): 0 - Labels array (1 dimensional array). 1 - Distance of each element from its medoid (1 dimensional array). 2 - Silhouette score (float). """
- Text ZV distance implementation:
def zv(text, model=None, T=10, chunk_size=50, n_top_keywords=1000): """ Calculate ZV distance of text. Parameters ---------- text : str The text for the algorithm. model : gensim.models.KeyedVectors or gensim.models.Word2Vec [optional] The embedding model T: int T look ahead when calculating the algorithm chunk_size: The text is divided into chunks, which is their size. n_top_keywords: The algorithm uses a certain amount of keywords, that is the quantity. Returns ---------- np.array: ZV distance (1 dimensional array) """
- DZV distance between 2 texts:
def dzv(first_text, second_text, model=None, T=10, chunk_size=50, n_top_keywords=1000): """ Calculate DZV distance of two texts. Parameters ---------- first_text : str The first text for the algorithm. second_text : str The first text for the algorithm. model : gensim.models.KeyedVectors or gensim.models.Word2Vec [optional] The embedding model T: int T look ahead when calculating the algorithm chunk_size: The text is divided into chunks, which is their size. n_top_keywords: The algorithm uses a certain amount of keywords, that is the quantity. Returns ---------- np.array: DZV distance (2 dimensional array) """
- DZV distance matrix clustering:
def dzv_clustering(dzv, k=2, spawn=10): """ Cluster DZV result using k-mediods clustering. Parameters ---------- dzv : np.array (2 dimensional array) DZV distance matrix to cluster. k : int Number of desired clusters (> 2) spawn : int The number of spawns in the clustering (> 1) T: int T look ahead when calculating the algorithm Returns ---------- (np.array, np.array, float): labels array (1 dimensional array), distance of each element from its medoid (1 dimensional array), Silhouette score """
- Result visualization:
def visualize_algorithm_result(zv, dzv, clustering_result, show_plot=True, plot_saving_path=None): """ Visualize the result of the algorithm Parameters ---------- (np.array, np.array, tuple): ZV distance (1 dimensional array), DZV distance (2 dimensional array), Clustering zv : np.array (1 dimensional array) DZV distance array dzv : np.array (2 dimensional array) DZV distance matrix. clustering_result : tuple(np.array, np.array, float) DZV clustering result. show_plot : bool To call plt.show() or not. plot_saving_path: str Path to save the figure, None will do nothing. """
Writing style detection algorithm performs the following steps:
- The algorithm receives two texts for input.
- Find the N top keywords using tf–idf
- Remove from the texts the stopwords and words that not in the N (initially defined amount) top keywords.
- Gather groups of 'L' (initially defined amount) keywords out of the text.
- Use word2vec to represent each word as a vector for both documents.
- Calculate the correlation between all the words in each group (L) using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic. Each group (L) became a vector of L(L-1)/2 dimensionality.
- Find an association between the vector and its 'T' (initially defined amount) predecessors, via:
- Measure the distance between the documents using:
- PAM (known also as k-medoids) clustering into two clusters.
We ran the algorithm on the next two books of the famous writer Isaac Asimov:
Without a doubt, the two books written by Asimov. However, because of a long time between their writing, many claim that Asimov's writing style has changed over the years.
Below is a result that shows that the books consist of two different writing styles:
Note! To improve the quality of the above result we used Google's word2vec.
This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details
In some scripts, we were helped other sources. At the top of that scripts, you can find credit and link to the sources.
Additionally, big thanks for Prof. Zeev Volkovich for his assistance in the implementation and understanding process.