This repository replicates stuff from Zonghie Han and Bertram Schefold 2006 as well as Han's dissertation.
The calculations can be executed via run.jl
and the results can be evaluated via results.jl
.
For reverse substitution of labour we consider the change in
- There are countries where entries for the normalization factor Total final demand are missing. It is not clear how to handle these cases.
- A finer grid gives fully piecewise switches and qualitatively comparable results.
- A simultaneous comparison for all countries at once eliminates all perverse effects.
There are 496 pairwise comparisons.
Number of switches: 4913
Reswitching in: can1990/deu1990, r = 0.64
Number of reswitches: 1
There have been 367 instances of switches that are not piecemeal.
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-increasing: 4777 cases (97.23%)
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-reducing: 101 cases (2.06%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-increasing: 9 cases (0.18%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-reducing: 26 cases (0.53%)
There are 496 pairwise comparisons.
Number of switches: 5312
Reswitching in: can1990/deu1990, r = 0.64729
Number of reswitches: 1
There have been 0 instances of switches that are not piecemeal.
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-increasing: 5158 cases (97.1%)
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-reducing: 111 cases (2.09%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-increasing: 11 cases (0.21%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-reducing: 32 cases (0.6%)
There are 1 pairwise comparisons.
Number of switches: 8
Number of reswitches: 0
There have been 0 instances of switches that are not piecemeal.
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-increasing: 8 cases (100.0%)
Capital intensity-reducing, labour-reducing: 0 cases (0.0%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-increasing: 0 cases (0.0%)
Capital intensity-increasing, labour-reducing: 0 cases (0.0%)
CountryString |
SectorString |
0.62Float64 |
0.63Float64 |
0.64Float64 |
0.65Float64 |
0.66Float64 |
0.67Float64 |
0.68Float64 |
0.69Float64 |
0.7Float64 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
can1990 | Agriculture, forestry & fishing | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Mining & quarrying | 5.24509 | 5.39361 | 5.54884 | 5.65897 | 5.25469 | 5.39367 | 5.53837 | 5.68916 | 5.87125 |
can1990 | Food, beverages & tobacco | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Textiles, apparel & leather | 3.80872 | 3.87086 | 3.93537 | 3.94522 | 3.87852 | 3.93933 | 4.00228 | 4.0675 | 4.18627 |
can1990 | Wood products & furniture | 1.77076 | 1.80172 | 1.83408 | 1.86594 | 1.69777 | 1.72378 | 1.75084 | 1.779 | 1.80034 |
can1990 | Paper, paper products & printing | 3.83267 | 3.93809 | 4.04832 | 4.08632 | 2.83965 | 2.90682 | 2.97673 | 3.04955 | 3.13653 |
can1990 | Industrial chemicals | 6.57183 | 6.76076 | 6.95836 | 6.77067 | 6.51228 | 6.68996 | 6.87517 | 7.06838 | 7.64027 |
can1990 | Drugs & medicines | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Petroleum & coal products | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Rubber & plastic products | 2.20653 | 2.25129 | 2.29794 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.22887 |
can1990 | Non-metallic mineral products | 1.27261 | 1.30139 | 1.33144 | 1.38911 | 1.31235 | 1.3404 | 1.36958 | 1.39996 | 1.40012 |
can1990 | Iron & steel | 2.07866 | 2.12978 | 2.18303 | 2.25077 | 2.08236 | 2.12994 | 2.17931 | 2.23057 | 2.25995 |
can1990 | Non-ferrous metals | 2.84099 | 2.89821 | 2.95773 | 3.03219 | 2.88632 | 2.94111 | 2.9979 | 3.0568 | 3.09454 |
can1990 | Metal products | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Non-electrical machinery | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Office & computing machinery | 4.94302 | 5.00178 | 5.06226 | 5.13735 | 5.03602 | 5.09403 | 5.15358 | 5.21475 | 5.25596 |
can1990 | Electrical apparatus, nec | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Radio, TV & communication equipment | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Shipbuilding & repairing | 1.05515 | 1.05705 | 1.05902 | 1.06051 | 1.04389 | 1.04522 | 1.0466 | 1.04804 | 1.04918 |
can1990 | Other transport | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Motor vehicles | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Aircraft | 2.28816 | 2.30976 | 2.33207 | 2.35816 | 2.30395 | 2.32362 | 2.34383 | 2.36461 | 2.37919 |
can1990 | Professional goods | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Other manufacturing | 1.8927 | 1.91221 | 1.93251 | 1.9883 | 1.87643 | 1.89401 | 1.91223 | 1.93113 | 1.90998 |
can1990 | Electricity, gas & water | 3.27232 | 3.35915 | 3.44992 | 3.54485 | 3.33377 | 3.41631 | 3.50226 | 3.59182 | 3.67084 |
can1990 | Construction | 3.10348 | 3.17632 | 3.25254 | 3.338 | 2.94248 | 3.00564 | 3.07149 | 3.14018 | 3.18306 |
can1990 | Wholesale & retail trade | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Restaurants & hotels | 1.82492 | 1.85578 | 1.88804 | 1.92559 | 1.47105 | 1.48917 | 1.50803 | 1.52766 | 1.52076 |
can1990 | Transport & storage | 4.87675 | 5.0155 | 5.16062 | 5.25491 | 2.89605 | 2.96438 | 3.03552 | 3.10964 | 3.12361 |
can1990 | Communication | 1.70547 | 1.73902 | 1.77404 | 1.79949 | 1.68615 | 1.7164 | 1.74785 | 1.78057 | 1.81823 |
can1990 | Finance & insurance | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Real estate & business services | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Community, social & personal services | 2.47613 | 2.52685 | 2.57988 | 2.61522 | 2.1626 | 2.20042 | 2.2398 | 2.28084 | 2.31869 |
can1990 | Producers of government services | 1.38766 | 1.41781 | 1.44938 | 1.47459 | 1.4111 | 1.44022 | 1.4706 | 1.50233 | 1.5388 |
can1990 | Other producers | 6.12434 | 6.27837 | 6.43923 | 6.29197 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
can1990 | Statistical discrepancy | 0.564626 | 0.579983 | 0.596046 | 0.642281 | 0.665992 | 0.683445 | 0.701632 | 0.720597 | 0.711423 |
deu1990 | Agriculture, forestry & fishing | 3.51125 | 3.60158 | 3.69602 | 3.81063 | 3.70438 | 3.79522 | 3.88984 | 3.98849 | 4.06609 |
deu1990 | Mining & quarrying | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Food, beverages & tobacco | 3.4112 | 3.48649 | 3.56519 | 3.63307 | 3.70899 | 3.78896 | 3.87227 | 3.95913 | 4.06418 |
deu1990 | Textiles, apparel & leather | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Wood products & furniture | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Paper, paper products & printing | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Industrial chemicals | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Drugs & medicines | 0.554215 | 0.55541 | 0.556657 | 0.5553 | 0.546193 | 0.547076 | 0.547994 | 0.548949 | 0.552075 |
deu1990 | Petroleum & coal products | 3.15861 | 3.23987 | 3.32494 | 3.37198 | 2.9816 | 3.05109 | 3.12357 | 3.1992 | 3.29765 |
deu1990 | Rubber & plastic products | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.46127 | 2.18629 | 2.22678 | 2.26878 | 2.3124 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Non-metallic mineral products | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Iron & steel | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Non-ferrous metals | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Metal products | 3.07642 | 3.14446 | 3.21535 | 3.25355 | 2.89333 | 2.95122 | 3.01128 | 3.07363 | 3.15123 |
deu1990 | Non-electrical machinery | 3.18476 | 3.23453 | 3.2863 | 3.42273 | 3.11379 | 3.15756 | 3.20289 | 3.24989 | 3.19874 |
deu1990 | Office & computing machinery | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Electrical apparatus, nec | 3.15808 | 3.21319 | 3.27048 | 3.37532 | 3.13937 | 3.18994 | 3.24231 | 3.29658 | 3.29229 |
deu1990 | Radio, TV & communication equipment | 2.05855 | 2.08434 | 2.1109 | 2.1361 | 2.03363 | 2.05696 | 2.08088 | 2.10542 | 2.1261 |
deu1990 | Shipbuilding & repairing | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Other transport | 0.551174 | 0.552475 | 0.553837 | 0.55418 | 0.541444 | 0.542317 | 0.543226 | 0.544173 | 0.545542 |
deu1990 | Motor vehicles | 2.33173 | 2.36026 | 2.38992 | 2.46319 | 2.28779 | 2.31261 | 2.3383 | 2.36491 | 2.34005 |
deu1990 | Aircraft | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Professional goods | 1.56448 | 1.57414 | 1.58417 | 1.59528 | 1.54113 | 1.5494 | 1.55793 | 1.56675 | 1.57192 |
deu1990 | Other manufacturing | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Electricity, gas & water | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Construction | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Wholesale & retail trade | 6.20089 | 6.35448 | 6.5148 | 6.65796 | 5.73878 | 5.86737 | 6.00103 | 6.14006 | 6.25604 |
deu1990 | Restaurants & hotels | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Transport & storage | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Communication | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Finance & insurance | 5.3183 | 5.46324 | 5.61469 | 5.77225 | 5.2552 | 5.3882 | 5.52663 | 5.67081 | 5.78799 |
deu1990 | Real estate & business services | 9.93254 | 10.2231 | 10.5267 | 11.1521 | 10.8711 | 11.1695 | 11.4802 | 11.8039 | 11.8061 |
deu1990 | Community, social & personal services | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Producers of government services | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
deu1990 | Other producers | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.63173 | 5.76069 | 5.89484 | 6.03448 | 6.45072 |
deu1990 | Statistical discrepancy | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
lq, r=0.52Any |
pA, r=0.52Any |
pA, r=0.53Any |
lq, r=0.53Any |
p, r=0.52Any |
q, r=0.52Any |
q, r=0.53Any |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
17.7341 | 0.463538 | 0.463538 | 17.7367 | 0.866203 | 2.53804 | 2.53829 |
pAq/lq, r=0.52 | 0.221846 | 0.221846 | pAq/lq, r=0.53 | 0.521617 | 4.39199 | 4.38324 |
1.64654 | 0.573122 | 0.573122 | 1.64674 | 1.13741 | 1.8427 | 1.84231 |
missing | 0.65472 | 0.65472 | missing | 1.34244 | 1.87076 | 1.86622 |
missing | 0.556026 | 0.556026 | missing | 1.2293 | 1.48898 | 1.48838 |
missing | 0.474364 | 0.474364 | missing | 1.10823 | 2.25965 | 2.26111 |
missing | 0.523058 | 0.523058 | missing | 1.06172 | 3.17278 | 3.17021 |
missing | 0.289014 | 0.289014 | missing | 0.793236 | 1.20416 | 1.20431 |
missing | 0.527441 | 0.527441 | missing | 0.860071 | 1.95687 | 1.94666 |
missing | 0.534566 | 0.534566 | missing | 1.18784 | 1.69516 | 1.69472 |
missing | 0.376685 | 0.376685 | missing | 0.979429 | 1.48492 | 1.48479 |
missing | 0.507252 | 0.507252 | missing | 1.13088 | 2.60692 | 2.60644 |
missing | 0.543752 | 0.543752 | missing | 1.07602 | 2.30011 | 2.29881 |
missing | 0.561186 | 0.561186 | missing | 1.21751 | 2.0835 | 2.08253 |
missing | 0.598902 | 0.598902 | missing | 1.27147 | 1.7579 | 1.75776 |
missing | 0.718948 | 0.718948 | missing | 1.45371 | 1.6078 | 1.60793 |
missing | 0.554667 | 0.554667 | missing | 1.18637 | 1.61292 | 1.61261 |
missing | 0.467208 | 0.467208 | missing | 1.08821 | 1.68538 | 1.68841 |
missing | 0.528998 | 0.528998 | missing | 1.3049 | 1.09556 | 1.09547 |
missing | 0.693579 | 0.693579 | missing | 1.37009 | 1.26082 | 1.26079 |
missing | 1.19017 | 1.19017 | missing | 2.00485 | 2.22108 | 2.22072 |
missing | 0.416229 | 0.416229 | missing | 1.05381 | 1.291 | 1.29096 |
missing | 0.521579 | 0.521579 | missing | 1.20385 | 1.25732 | 1.25195 |
missing | 0.511533 | 0.511533 | missing | 1.17774 | 1.20207 | 1.19862 |
missing | 0.139035 | 0.139035 | missing | 0.457826 | 1.98039 | 1.98117 |
missing | 0.500424 | 0.500424 | missing | 1.11904 | 1.90263 | 1.90243 |
missing | 0.190661 | 0.190661 | missing | 0.884048 | 2.98185 | 2.98707 |
missing | 0.360108 | 0.360108 | missing | 1.00015 | 1.22288 | 1.22268 |
missing | 0.406005 | 0.406005 | missing | 1.01479 | 2.61905 | 2.61756 |
missing | 0.159917 | 0.159917 | missing | 0.655267 | 1.58654 | 1.58568 |
missing | 0.224671 | 0.224671 | missing | 0.760304 | 2.91425 | 2.92971 |
missing | 0.138772 | 0.138772 | missing | 0.813559 | 2.31064 | 2.32459 |
missing | 0.187 | 0.197224 | missing | 0.756973 | 1.58152 | 1.5959 |